Opportunities for nanomaterials in enzyme therapy

Torres-Herrero, Beatriz ; Armenia, Ilaria ; Ortiz, Cecilia ; Martínez de la Fuente, Jesús ; Betancor, Lorena ; Grazú, Valeria

Resumen: In recent years, enzyme therapy strategies have rapidly evolved to catalyze essential biochemical reactions with therapeutic potential. These approaches hold particular promise in addressing rare genetic disorders, cancer treatment, neurodegenerative conditions, wound healing, inflammation management, and infectious disease control, among others. There are several primary reasons for the utilization of enzymes as therapeutics: their substrate specificity, their biological compatibility, and their ability to generate a high number of product molecules per enzyme unit. These features have encouraged their application in enzyme replacement therapy where the enzyme serves as the therapeutic agent to rectify abnormal metabolic and physiological processes, enzyme prodrug therapy where the enzyme initiates a clinical effect by activating prodrugs, and enzyme dynamic or starving therapy where the enzyme acts upon host substrate molecules. Currently, there are >20 commercialized products based on therapeutic enzymes, but approval rates are considerably lower than other biologicals. This has stimulated nanobiotechnology in the last years to develop nanoparticle-based solutions that integrate therapeutic enzymes. This approach aims to enhance stability, prevent rapid clearance, reduce immunogenicity, and even enable spatio-temporal activation of the therapeutic catalyst. This comprehensive review delves into emerging trends in the application of therapeutic enzymes, with a particular emphasis on the synergistic opportunities presented by incorporating enzymes into nanomaterials. Such integration holds the promise of enhancing existing therapies or even paving the way for innovative nanotherapeutic approaches.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.035

Año: 2024

Publicado en: JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE 372 (2024), 619-647
ISSN: 0168-3659

Factor impacto JCR: 11.5 (2024)

Categ. JCR: CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY rank: 25 / 239 = 0.105 (2024) - Q1 - T1
Categ. JCR: PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY rank: 12 / 352 = 0.034 (2024) - Q1 - T1

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 2.47 - Pharmaceutical Science (Q1)

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/CEX2023-001286-S
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/E15-20R
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/829162/EU/Redesigning biocatalysis: Thermal-tuning of one-pot multienzymatic cascades by nanoactuation/HOTZYMES
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/CB16-01/00263
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/FPU19-01311
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2020-118485RB-I00

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)