@article{PujadasdeSimón:86962,
author = "Pujadas de Simón, Jaime and Barcenilla Visús, Sara",
title = "{La proyección internacional de la Unión Europea en el
siglo XXI: comercio y cadenas globales de valor}",
year = "2019",
note = "The presence of the European Union in international trade
and in the Global Value Chains constitute the object of
study of this Final Degree Project. This study analyses
the general features of the European trade pattern: the
relative importance of the EU in trade flows and the
geographical and sectoral structure of flows. Additionally,
an empirical assessment of the importance of different
types of trade and the peculiarities shown by the pattern
and specialization of the EU is carried out on the basis of
the three great theorical paradigms – Traditional
theories, the new theory and the new new theory of
international trade. The results indicate a loss of
relative EU importance in global trade flows and high
intraindustrial specialization, a slight reduction in its
specialization in intensive products in human capital and
medium-high technology and a closer presence to the final
consumer in global value chains. Therefore, these results
raise fears for the loss of the trade surplus seen in the
EU over the past years since structurally we have always
had a clear tendency to trade deficit and suggest the
convenience of moving forward on the specialization of
greater technological content in order to maintain the
commercial quotas against the emerging countries that break
into the markets with clear advantages in costs, large
population, cheap labour and increasing technological
capacities.",
}