101254 20220405150416.0 doi 10.1016/j.neucli.2020.03.001 sideral 118018 ART-2020-118018 eng Gadea, M. Effects of a single session of SMR neurofeedback training on anxiety and cortisol levels 2020 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Objectives: According to some studies, a putatively calming effect of EEG neurofeedback training could be useful as a therapeutic tool in psychiatric practice. With the aim of elucidating this possibility, we tested the efficacy of a single session of ¿sensorimotor (SMR)/¿theta neurofeedback training for mood improvement in 32 healthy men, taking into account trainability, independence and interpretability of the results. Methods: A pre-post design, with the following dependent variables, was applied: (i) psychometric measures of mood with regards to anxiety, depression, and anger (Profile of Mood State, POMS, and State Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI); (ii) biological measures (salivary levels of cortisol); (iii) neurophysiological measures (EEG frequency band power analysis). In accordance with general recommendations for research in neurofeedback, a control group receiving sham neurofeedback was included. Results: Anxiety levels decreased after the real neurofeedback and increased after the sham neurofeedback (P < 0.01, size effect 0.9 for comparison between groups). Cortisol decreased after the experiment in both groups, though with significantly more pronounced effects in the desired direction after the real neurofeedback (P < 0.04; size effect 0.7). The group receiving real neurofeedback significantly enhanced their SMR band (P < 0.004; size effect 0.88), without changes in the theta band. The group receiving sham neurofeedback did not show any EEG changes. Conclusions: The improvement observed in anxiety was greater in the experimental group than in the sham group, confirmed by both subjective (psychometric) measures and objective (biological) measures. This was demonstrated to be associated with the real neurofeedback, though a nonspecific (placebo) effect likely also contributed. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MEC/FPU-AP2012-05836 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess All rights reserved http://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/ 3.734 2020 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 80 / 208 = 0.385 2020 Q2 T2 PHYSIOLOGY 25 / 81 = 0.309 2020 Q2 T1 NEUROSCIENCES 133 / 273 = 0.487 2020 Q2 T2 0.93 2020 Medicine (miscellaneous) 2020 Q2 Physiology (medical) 2020 Q2 Neurology (clinical) 2020 Q2 Neurology 2020 Q2 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion Aliño, M. Hidalgo, V. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-3920-1099 Espert, R. Salvador, A. 4009 725 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Psicología y Sociología Área Psicobiología 50, 3 (2020), 167-173 Neurophysiol. clin. Neurophysiologie Clinique 0987-7053 277992 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/101254/files/texto_completo.pdf Postprint 1941515 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/101254/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Postprint oai:zaguan.unizar.es:101254 articulos driver 2022-04-05-14:37:34 ARTICLE