000102082 001__ 102082
000102082 005__ 20210902121807.0
000102082 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105033
000102082 0248_ $$2sideral$$a118133
000102082 037__ $$aART-2020-118133
000102082 041__ $$aeng
000102082 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-6848-1010$$aMiranda-de la Lama, G.C.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000102082 245__ $$aWelfare of horses from Mexico and the United States of America transported for slaughter in Mexico: Fitness profiles for transport and pre-slaughter logistics
000102082 260__ $$c2020
000102082 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000102082 5203_ $$aEvery year thousands of horses from Mexico and the United States of America (USA) are transported to slaughter in Mexico, but little is known about their welfare or pre-slaughter logistics. In this study, we recorded the origin, sex, age and condition of horses (121 journeys, 2648 animals) upon arrival to an abattoir in northern Mexico, including transport details. Horse welfare was measured indirectly via individual scores for body condition, coat quality, lameness, ocular and nasal discharge, as well as reactivity to a chute restraint test, all performed shortly after unloading. The average journey duration was 9.69 (±7.6) hours for horses from Mexico and 16.77 (±4.51) hours for horses from the USA (77 % of all journeys). The prevalence of ocular discharge, nasal discharge, skin wounds, lameness and diarrhoea, were 23 %, 12 %, 11 %, 9 %, 1 % (respectively) of all the horses observed, with no significant differences between Mexican and American horses (P = 0.05). During the chute test the American horses were calmer than the Mexican ones (P < 0.001), who were more restless and aggressive (P = 0.001). Likewise, vocalizations in their three variants during the restraint, neigh/whinny (P = 0.018), nicker (P < 0.001), and snort (P = 0.018), were more common in horses from Mexico. In order to help characterize fitness for transport, a two-step cluster analysis was applied using the welfare indicators, suggesting the existence of four clusters (C) evaluated on arrival at the abattoir (from good to very poor fitness): good (profile C4, n = 769, 29.1 %), average (profile C1, n = 799 horses, 30.2 %), poor (profile C3, n = 586, 22.1 %) and very poor (profile C2, n = 494, 18.6 %). In fact, the C4 best welfare group had 0% lame, 0% nasal discharge, 16.4 % ocular discharge, 7.9 % skin wounds. Instead, the C2 poorest welfare group had 45.8 % lame, 61.1 % nasal discharge, 42.8 % ocular discharge, and 19.9 % skin wounds. Results show potential for using nasal discharge, lameness and ocular discharge as key indicators of horse fitness and welfare on abattoir. The study provides detailed scientific data to help establish strategies regarding optimal days of recovery post-transport and fattening for homogenization of weights between animals of different origins, logistic planning, and optimization of logistic resources to minimize the biological cost of long-distance transport.
000102082 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aAll rights reserved$$uhttp://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/
000102082 590__ $$a2.67$$b2020
000102082 591__ $$aVETERINARY SCIENCES$$b27 / 146 = 0.185$$c2020$$dQ1$$eT1
000102082 592__ $$a0.815$$b2020
000102082 593__ $$aFood Animals$$c2020$$dQ1
000102082 593__ $$aAnimal Science and Zoology$$c2020$$dQ1
000102082 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
000102082 700__ $$aGonzales-Castro, C.A.
000102082 700__ $$aGutierrez-Piña, F.J.
000102082 700__ $$aVillarroel, M.
000102082 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-6106-2577$$aMaria, G.A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000102082 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-4647-9315$$aEstévez-Moreno, L.X.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000102082 7102_ $$12008$$2700$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Produc.Animal Cienc.Ali.$$cÁrea Producción Animal
000102082 773__ $$g180 (2020), 105033 [9 pp]$$pPrev. vet. med.$$tPreventive Veterinary Medicine$$x0167-5877
000102082 8564_ $$s510869$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/102082/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint
000102082 8564_ $$s912174$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/102082/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint
000102082 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:102082$$particulos$$pdriver
000102082 951__ $$a2021-09-02-09:58:53
000102082 980__ $$aARTICLE