106612 20220426091141.0 doi 10.1002/er.5738 sideral 119968 ART-2020-119968 eng Pinto, E.S. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-0231-8795 Optimization of the design of polygeneration systems for the residential sector under different self-consumption regulations 2020 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Polygeneration systems enable natural resources to be exploited efficiently, decreasing CO2 emissions and achieving economic savings relative to the conventional separate production. However, their economic feasibility depends on the legal framework. Preliminary design of polygeneration systems for the residential sector based on the last Spanish self-consumption regulations RD 900/2015 and RD 244/2019 was carried out in Zaragoza, Spain. Both regulations were applied to individual and collective installations. Several technologies, appropriate for the energy supply to residential buildings, for example, photovoltaics, wind turbines, solar thermal collectors, microcogeneration engines, heat pump, gas boiler, absorption chiller, and thermal and electric energy storage were considered candidate technologies for the polygeneration system. A mixed integer linear programming model was developed to minimize the total annual cost of polygeneration systems. Scenarios with and without electricity sale were considered. CO2 emissions were also calculated to estimate the environmental impact. Results show that RD 900/2015 discourages the investment in self-consumption systems whereas the RD 244/2019 encourages them, especially in renewable energy technologies. Moreover, in economic terms, it is more profitable to invest in collective self-consumption installations over individual installations. However, this does not necessarily represent a significant reduction of CO2 emissions with respect to individual installations since the natural gas consumption tends to increase as its unit price decreases because of the increase of its consumption level. Thus, more appropriate pricing of natural gas in residential sector, in which its cost would not be reduced when increasing its consumption, would be required to achieve significant CO2 emissions reduction. In all cases, the photovoltaic panels (PV) are competitive and profitable without subsidies in self-consumption schemes and the reversible heat pump (HP) played an important role for the CO2 emissions reduction. In a horizon to achieve zero CO2 emissions, the net metering scheme could be an interesting and profitable alternative to be considered. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA-FEDER/Construyendo Europa desde Aragón info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/T55-17R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/ENE2017-87711-R info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess All rights reserved http://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/ 5.164 2020 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 1 / 34 = 0.029 2020 Q1 T1 ENERGY & FUELS 43 / 114 = 0.377 2020 Q2 T2 0.808 2020 Energy Engineering and Power Technology 2020 Q1 Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment 2020 Q1 Nuclear Energy and Engineering 2020 Q1 Fuel Technology 2020 Q1 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion Serra, L.M. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-5161-7209 Lázaro, A. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-7360-4188 5004 590 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ingeniería Mecánica Área Máquinas y Motores Térmi. 44, 14 (2020), 11248-11273 Int. j. energy res. International Journal of Energy Research 0363-907X 750305 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/106612/files/texto_completo.pdf Postprint 2350099 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/106612/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Postprint oai:zaguan.unizar.es:106612 articulos driver 2022-04-26-08:57:02 ARTICLE