000107386 001__ 107386
000107386 005__ 20220503125128.0
000107386 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1007/s10098-020-01941-9
000107386 0248_ $$2sideral$$a120323
000107386 037__ $$aART-2020-120323
000107386 041__ $$aeng
000107386 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-3269-023X$$aGuillén-Lambea, Silvia$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000107386 245__ $$aSustainable enhancement of district heating and cooling configurations by combining thermal energy storage and life cycle assessment
000107386 260__ $$c2020
000107386 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000107386 5203_ $$aDistrict heating and cooling systems are designed and optimized to respond to the latest challenges of reducing energy demands while fulfilling comfort standards. Thermal energy storage (TES) with phase change materials can be employed to reduce the energy demands of buildings. This study considers a residential district located in Spain, where a general framework has been established to identify optimal combinations of energy conversion, delivery technologies, and operating rules. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was implemented within a mathematical model, and the objective function considered the minimization of environmental loads. Two environmental impact assessment methods were applied within the LCA methodology: IPCC 2013 GWP 100y and ReCiPe. Four optimal configurations were considered: a reference system (gas boiler and split-type air conditioners) and then three TES-based systems: one sensible (STES, water) and two latent (LTES1—paraffin emulsion and LTES2—sodium acetate trihydrate). Hourly environmental loads associated with electricity imports from the national grid were available. The conventional energy system always presented the worst performance from an environmental viewpoint, being penalized by the high consumption of natural gas. Regarding carbon emissions, LTES1 showed the lowest emissions, followed by STES and LTES2. Reductions in energy demands compensated the impact of paraffin, and results of STES are strongly dependent on tank design. However, considering the ReCiPe method, STES presented the lowest loads, followed by LTES1 and LTES2. Overall impacts of LTES1 with paraffin are higher than STES with water, mainly due to the paraffin and the high volume required.
000107386 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/FEDER$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/ENE2017-87711-R
000107386 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aAll rights reserved$$uhttp://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/
000107386 590__ $$a3.636$$b2020
000107386 591__ $$aENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES$$b110 / 272 = 0.404$$c2020$$dQ2$$eT2
000107386 591__ $$aGREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY$$b29 / 43 = 0.674$$c2020$$dQ3$$eT3
000107386 591__ $$aENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL$$b30 / 53 = 0.566$$c2020$$dQ3$$eT2
000107386 592__ $$a0.73$$b2020
000107386 593__ $$aEnvironmental Chemistry$$c2020$$dQ2
000107386 593__ $$aManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law$$c2020$$dQ2
000107386 593__ $$aEnvironmental Engineering$$c2020$$dQ2
000107386 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
000107386 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-8524-3452$$aCarvalho, Mónica
000107386 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-8015-4469$$aDelgado, Mónica$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000107386 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-7360-4188$$aLázaro, Ana$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000107386 7102_ $$15004$$2590$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ingeniería Mecánica$$cÁrea Máquinas y Motores Térmi.
000107386 773__ $$g23 (2020), 857–867$$pClean Technologies and Environmental Policy$$tClean Technologies and Environmental Policy$$x1618-954X
000107386 8564_ $$s646466$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/107386/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint
000107386 8564_ $$s1914546$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/107386/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint
000107386 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:107386$$particulos$$pdriver
000107386 951__ $$a2022-05-03-12:45:34
000107386 980__ $$aARTICLE