000108437 001__ 108437 000108437 005__ 20230519145510.0 000108437 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103146 000108437 0248_ $$2sideral$$a124961 000108437 037__ $$aART-2021-124961 000108437 041__ $$aeng 000108437 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-1610-5451$$aGiménez-Nadal, José Ignacio$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000108437 245__ $$aTwo-way commuting: Asymmetries from time use surveys 000108437 260__ $$c2021 000108437 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000108437 5203_ $$aDaily commuting of workers is a complex phenomenon that has long attracted research attention and, despite the significant literature acknowledging differences between morning and evening commuting, commuting trips to and from work are considered symmetric in much of the prior research. We explore the asymmetries in time spent commuting to and from work, in seven countries, using detailed time use records from the Multinational Time Use Study (MTUS). We focus on the duration, mode of transport, and timing of commuting trips, and we provide evidence of the socio-demographic characteristics related to such asymmetries. We find that commutes to work (usually in the morning) last longer than commutes from work (usually in the afternoon or evening), although there are quantitative differences among countries. The timing of commuting also differs across countries, although commutes to work are more concentrated at certain hours in the morning than commutes from work. Our results may provide a better analysis of public policies, and open questions for future research, tackling the correlation between commuting behaviors and worker well-being, land use and city structure, and extreme commuting, among others. 000108437 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/S32-20R$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2019-108348RA-I00 000108437 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby-nc-nd$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ 000108437 590__ $$a5.899$$b2021 000108437 592__ $$a1.854$$b2021 000108437 594__ $$a8.1$$b2021 000108437 591__ $$aECONOMICS$$b40 / 382 = 0.105$$c2021$$dQ1$$eT1 000108437 593__ $$aGeography, Planning and Development$$c2021$$dQ1 000108437 591__ $$aGEOGRAPHY$$b7 / 86 = 0.081$$c2021$$dQ1$$eT1 000108437 593__ $$aEnvironmental Science (miscellaneous)$$c2021$$dQ1 000108437 591__ $$aTRANSPORTATION$$b10 / 37 = 0.27$$c2021$$dQ2$$eT1 000108437 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 000108437 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-9437-4606$$aMolina, José Alberto$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000108437 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-0553-6360$$aVelilla, Jorge$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000108437 7102_ $$14000$$2415$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Análisis Económico$$cÁrea Fund. Análisis Económico 000108437 773__ $$g95 (2021), 103146 [20 pp.]$$pJournal of Transport Geography$$tJournal of Transport Geography$$x0966-6923 000108437 8564_ $$s912908$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/108437/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint 000108437 8564_ $$s1520608$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/108437/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint 000108437 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:108437$$particulos$$pdriver 000108437 951__ $$a2023-05-18-15:11:28 000108437 980__ $$aARTICLE