000109624 001__ 109624
000109624 005__ 20230519145435.0
000109624 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3390/cancers13215315
000109624 0248_ $$2sideral$$a125719
000109624 037__ $$aART-2021-125719
000109624 041__ $$aeng
000109624 100__ $$aChatzipapas, KP
000109624 245__ $$aStandardization and Validation of Brachytherapy Seeds'' Modelling Using GATE and GGEMS Monte Carlo Toolkits
000109624 260__ $$c2021
000109624 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000109624 5203_ $$aSimple Summary:& nbsp;This study used GATE and GGEMS simulation toolkits, to estimate dose distribution on Brachytherapy procedures. Specific guidelines were followed as defined by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) as well as by the European SocieTy for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO). Several types of brachytherapy seeds were modelled and simulated, namely Low-Dose-Rate (LDR), High-Dose-Rate (HDR), and Pulsed-Dose-Rate (PDR). The basic difference between GATE and GGEMS is that GGEMS incorporates GPU capabilities, which makes the use of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations more accessible in clinical routine, by minimizing the computational time to obtain a dose map. During the validation procedure of both codes with protocol data, differences as well as uncertainties were measured within the margins defined by the guidelines. The study concluded that MC simulations may be utilized in clinical practice, to optimize dose distribution in real time, as well as to evaluate therapeutic plans.<br>This study aims to validate GATE and GGEMS simulation toolkits for brachytherapy applications and to provide accurate models for six commercial brachytherapy seeds, which will be freely available for research purposes. The AAPM TG-43 guidelines were used for the validation of two Low Dose Rate (LDR), three High Dose Rate (HDR), and one Pulsed Dose Rate (PDR) brachytherapy seeds. Each seed was represented as a 3D model and then simulated in GATE to produce one single Phase-Space (PHSP) per seed. To test the validity of the simulations'' outcome, referenced data (provided by the TG-43) was compared with GATE results. Next, validation of the GGEMS toolkit was achieved by comparing its outcome with the GATE MC simulations, incorporating clinical data. The simulation outcomes on the radial dose function (RDF), anisotropy function (AF), and dose rate constant (DRC) for the six commercial seeds were compared with TG-43 values. The statistical uncertainty was limited to 1% for RDF, to 6% (maximum) for AF, and to 2.7% (maximum) for the DRC. GGEMS provided a good agreement with GATE when compared in different situations: (a) Homogeneous water sphere, (b) heterogeneous CT phantom, and (c) a realistic clinical case. In addition, GGEMS has the advantage of very fast simulations. For the clinical case, where TG-186 guidelines were considered, GATE required 1 h for the simulation while GGEMS needed 162 s to reach the same statistical uncertainty. This study produced accurate models and simulations of their emitted spectrum of commonly used commercial brachytherapy seeds which are freely available to the scientific community. Furthermore, GGEMS was validated as an MC GPU based tool for brachytherapy. More research is deemed necessary for the expansion of brachytherapy seed modeling.
000109624 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/872735/EU/A CybEr range tRaining platform for medicAl organisations and systems Security/AERAS$$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 872735-AERAS
000109624 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
000109624 590__ $$a6.575$$b2021
000109624 592__ $$a1.349$$b2021
000109624 594__ $$a5.8$$b2021
000109624 591__ $$aONCOLOGY$$b60 / 245 = 0.245$$c2021$$dQ1$$eT1
000109624 593__ $$aOncology$$c2021$$dQ1
000109624 593__ $$aCancer Research$$c2021$$dQ1
000109624 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000109624 700__ $$aPlachouris, D
000109624 700__ $$aPapadimitroulas, P
000109624 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-2946-3044$$aMountris, KA$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000109624 700__ $$aBert, J
000109624 700__ $$aVisvikis, D
000109624 700__ $$aMihailidis, D
000109624 700__ $$aKagadis, GC
000109624 7102_ $$15008$$2800$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ingeniería Electrón.Com.$$cÁrea Teoría Señal y Comunicac.
000109624 773__ $$g13, 21 (2021), 5315 [14 pp]$$pCancers$$tCancers$$x2072-6694
000109624 8564_ $$s2755287$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/109624/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000109624 8564_ $$s2906723$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/109624/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000109624 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:109624$$particulos$$pdriver
000109624 951__ $$a2023-05-18-14:23:09
000109624 980__ $$aARTICLE