110674 20230519145537.0 doi 10.3390/su132212724 sideral 127016 ART-2021-127016 eng Valero, Antonio Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-0702-733X Assessing urban metabolism through msw carbon footprint and conceptualizing municipal-industrial symbiosis—the case of Zaragoza city, Spain 2021 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted This paper proposes a holistic vision of the urban metabolism (UM), viewing the city as a subsystem within an industrial ecosystem (IE) in which municipal-industrial symbiosis is essential to achieve sustainability goals. For this purpose, the metabolism of a large Spanish city, Zaragoza, was studied by analyzing the main fractions of its MSW. A methodology based on carbon footprint (CF) was developed to analyze the environmental impact—in terms of CO2 —of the influence of households’ behavior, the City Council’s strategies, and the main MSW fractions. Zaragoza’s IE represents a footprint of 931, 250 CO2 tons for the fractions studied, of which 438, 000 CO2 tons are due to organic fraction, 180, 371 to plastics and 154, 607 to paper and cardboard, which are the three most significant contributors. If households selectively separated 100% of their waste, the footprint would drop to 648, 660 tons of CO2 . Furthermore, monetary savings were quantified through the CO2 emissions price. The proposed methodology accounts for the CF of the whole IE, not just the city. Moreover, it enables the creation of Sankey diagrams to visualize the distribution of emissions of each subsystem, highlighting the importance of cooperation between the city and its recycling industries to reduce its CF. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 3.889 2021 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 57 / 128 = 0.445 2021 Q2 T2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 133 / 279 = 0.477 2021 Q2 T2 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 35 / 47 = 0.745 2021 Q3 T3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 7 / 9 = 0.778 2021 Q4 T3 0.664 2021 Energy Engineering and Power Technology 2021 Q1 Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment 2021 Q1 Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law 2021 Q1 Geography, Planning and Development 2021 Q1 5.0 2021 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Torrubia, Jorge (orcid)0000-0001-9282-1428 Anía, Miguel Ángel Torres, Alicia 5004 590 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ingeniería Mecánica Área Máquinas y Motores Térmi. 13, 22 (2021), 12724 [34 pp.] Sustainability (Basel) Sustainability (Switzerland) 2071-1050 17346299 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/110674/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2748514 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/110674/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:110674 articulos driver 2023-05-18-15:36:49 ARTICLE