117976 20240319081008.0 doi 10.3390/w14071121 sideral 129192 ART-2022-129192 eng Baigorri, B. Universidad de Zaragoza Household water consumption in Spain: disparities between region 2022 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted This paper studies the regional consumption of household water in Spain in the period 2000–2018. The use of the methodology proposed by Phillips and Sul allows us to conclude that there is no single pattern of behavior across the Spanish regions. By contrast, we can determine the existence of three convergence clubs, confirming serious regional disparities in water consumption. Navarra, País Vasco, La Rioja, and Cataluña are included in the convergence club that shows the lowest levels of household water consumption, while the Islas Canarias, Comunidad Valenciana, Castilla y León and Cantabria belong to that with the highest consumption. The determinants of the forces that drive these convergence clubs are difficult to identify because the demographic, economic and structural variables of the network interact in different ways. Nevertheless, we can select a group of explanatory variables that help to explain the formation of the convergence clubs. These are regional household income, the birth rate in the regions, and the regional spending on environmental protection. Increments in the levels of these variables are helpful for reducing household water consumption. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/PID2020-113229RB-C44 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/S34-20R info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 3.4 2022 WATER RESOURCES 38 / 103 = 0.369 2022 Q2 T2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 135 / 275 = 0.491 2022 Q2 T2 0.723 2022 Geography, Planning and Development 2022 Q1 Aquatic Science 2022 Q1 Water Science and Technology 2022 Q2 Biochemistry 2022 Q2 5.5 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Montañés, A. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-5872-631X Simón Fernández, M. B. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-6811-1020 4014 225 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Economía Aplicada Área Economía Aplicada 4000 415 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Análisis Económico Área Fund. Análisis Económico 14, 7 (2022), 1121 [18 pp.] Water (Basel) Water (Switzerland) 2073-4441 3568284 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/117976/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2591740 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/117976/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:117976 articulos driver 2024-03-18-14:52:35 ARTICLE