000119835 001__ 119835 000119835 005__ 20240319081006.0 000119835 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1111/rssc.12588 000119835 0248_ $$2sideral$$a130723 000119835 037__ $$aART-2022-130723 000119835 041__ $$aeng 000119835 100__ $$aMancini, Tullio 000119835 245__ $$aEnvironmental Engel curves: A neural network approach 000119835 260__ $$c2022 000119835 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000119835 5203_ $$aEnvironmental Engel curves describe how households' income relates to the pollution associated with the services and goods consumed. This paper estimates these curves with neural networks using the novel dataset constructed in Levinson and O'Brien. We provide further statistical rigor to the empirical analysis by constructing prediction intervals obtained from novel neural network methods such as extra-neural nets and MC dropout. The application of these techniques for five different pollutants allow us to confirm statistically that Environmental Engel curves are upward sloping, have income elasticities smaller than one and shift down, becoming more concave, over time. Importantly, for the last year of the sample, we find an inverted U shape that suggests the existence of a maximum in pollution for medium-to-high levels of household income beyond which pollution flattens or decreases for top income earners. 000119835 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2019-104326GB-I00 000119835 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000119835 590__ $$a1.6$$b2022 000119835 592__ $$a0.916$$b2022 000119835 591__ $$aSTATISTICS & PROBABILITY$$b54 / 125 = 0.432$$c2022$$dQ2$$eT2 000119835 593__ $$aStatistics and Probability$$c2022$$dQ1 000119835 593__ $$aStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty$$c2022$$dQ2 000119835 594__ $$a2.6$$b2022 000119835 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000119835 700__ $$aCalvo-Pardo, Hector 000119835 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-0437-7812$$aOlmo, Jose 000119835 773__ $$g71, 5 (2022), 1543-1568$$pAppl. stat.$$tJOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES C-APPLIED STATISTICS$$x0035-9254 000119835 8564_ $$s2354412$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/119835/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000119835 8564_ $$s1577252$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/119835/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000119835 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:119835$$particulos$$pdriver 000119835 951__ $$a2024-03-18-14:37:57 000119835 980__ $$aARTICLE