119974 20240319081025.0 doi 10.3390/ijms231911882 sideral 130379 ART-2022-130379 eng Sánchez-Hernández, Eva Holm oak (quercus ilex subsp. ballota (desf.) samp.) bark aqueous ammonia extract for the control of invasive forest pathogens 2022 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.) bark is a commonly used remedy to treat gastrointestinal disorders, throat and skin infections, hemorrhages, and dysentery. It has also been previously reported that its methanol extracts possess antibacterial activity, which can be related to the richness of Quercus spp. extracts in phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and tannins. However, there is no information on the antifungal (including oomycete) properties of the bark from Q. ilex or its subspecies (ilex and ballota). In this work, we report the characterization of the aqueous ammonia extract of its bark by FTIR and GC-MS and the results of in vitro and ex situ inhibition tests against three phytopathogens. The main phytochemical components identified were inositols (19.5%), trans-squalene (13%), 4-butoxy-1-butanol (11.4%), gulopyranose (9.6%), lyxose (6.5%), 2,4-dimethyl-benzo[H]quinoline (5.1%), catechol (4.5%), and methoxyphenols (4.2%). The efficacy of the extract in controlling forest phytopathogens was tested in vitro against Fusarium circinatum (responsible for pitch canker of Pinus spp.), Cryphonectria parasitica (which causes chestnut blight), and Phytophthora cinnamomi (which causes ‘root and crown rot’ in a variety of hosts, including Castanea, conifers, Eucalyptus, Fagus, Juglans, Quercus, etc.), obtaining EC90 values of 322, 295, and 75 μg·mL−1, respectively, much lower than those attained for a commercial strobilurin fungicide (azoxystrobin). The extract was further tested ex situ against P. cinnamomi on artificially inoculated, excised stems of ‘Garnem’ almond rootstock, attaining complete protection at a dose of 782 μg·mL−1. The results suggest that holm oak bark extract may be a promising source of bioactive compounds against invasive forest pathogens, including the oomycete that is causing its decline, the so-called ‘seca’ in Spain. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 5.6 2022 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 66 / 285 = 0.232 2022 Q1 T1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 52 / 178 = 0.292 2022 Q2 T1 1.154 2022 Medicine (miscellaneous) 2022 Q1 Physical and Theoretical Chemistry 2022 Q1 Computer Science Applications 2022 Q1 Inorganic Chemistry 2022 Q1 Spectroscopy 2022 Q1 Organic Chemistry 2022 Q1 Molecular Biology 2022 Q2 Catalysis 2022 Q2 7.8 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Balduque-Gil, Joaquín Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-5136-8639 Barriuso-Vargas, Juan J. Casanova-Gascón, José Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-3009-0935 González-García, Vicente Cuchí-Oterino, José Antonio Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-9067-2940 Lorenzo-Vidal, Belén Martín-Gil, Jesús Martín-Ramos, Pablo Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-2713-2786 5011 500 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. CC.Agrar.y Medio Natural Area Ingeniería Agroforestal 5011 X Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. CC.Agrar.y Medio Natural Proy. investigación JFA 5011 705 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. CC.Agrar.y Medio Natural Área Producción Vegetal 23, 19 (2022), 11882 [16 pp.] Int. j. mol. sci. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 1661-6596 1929103 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/119974/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2684807 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/119974/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:119974 articulos driver 2024-03-18-16:40:07 ARTICLE