000120025 001__ 120025
000120025 005__ 20240319081004.0
000120025 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1007/s12649-022-01833-7
000120025 0248_ $$2sideral$$a130828
000120025 037__ $$aART-2022-130828
000120025 041__ $$aeng
000120025 100__ $$aArévalo, Roberto
000120025 245__ $$aCFD analysis of co-firing of coke and biomass in a parallel flow regenerative lime kiln
000120025 260__ $$c2022
000120025 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000120025 5203_ $$aThe lime industry is a highly energy intensive industry, with a huge presence worldwide. To reduce both production costs and pollutants emissions, some lime production plants are introducing more environmentally-friendly energy sources, such as local agro-industry residues. In this paper, a numerical tool is presented, which simulates a large-scale Parallel Flow Regenerative (PFR) kiln that currently uses coke as main fuel. The developed tool aims at investigating the combustion process under conditions of co-firing of coke and biomass and to assist the plant operators in the optimization of such operating conditions. To achieve this goal, a two-way coupling Euler–Lagrange approach is used to model the dynamics of the particulate phase and their interaction with the gas phase. Pyrolysis, volatiles oxidation and char oxidation are modelled by kinetics/diffusion-limited model (for heterogeneous reactions) and mixture fraction approach (for homogeneous reactions). Moreover, two methods are investigated for representing the limestone bed: a porous medium (PM) approach and a “solid blocks” (BM) tridimensional mesh. Comparison of the results for the case of 100% coke showed that the ideal “blocks” method is more accurate as it adequately simulates the scattering of fuel particles through the PFR kiln anchor, which is limited with the PM approach. Moreover, the temperature profile, maximum and minimum temperatures, as well as CO2 and O2 concentrations at outlet, are comprised in the expected range for this technology, according to available literature. Finally, the predicted results of a co-firing case with 60% biomass (in mass) were validated with measurements in an industrial facility, with production capacity of 440 calcium oxide tons per day. The results suggest that the model is fairly accurate to predict gas temperature, as well as O2 and NOX concentrations at the kiln outlet. Although some improvements are recommended to refine the CFD predictions, these promising results and the high computational efficiency laid the foundation for future modelling of co-firing of coke and biomass, as well as the modelling of the lime calcination process. It also paves the way for facilitating the reduction of pollutant emissions thus contributing to a more sustainable lime production.
000120025 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/636865/EU/Flexible Superheated Steam Torrefaction and Grinding of Indigenous Biomass from Remote Rural Sources to Produce Stable Densified Feedstocks for Chemical and Energy Applications/SteamBio$$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 636865-SteamBio
000120025 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
000120025 590__ $$a3.2$$b2022
000120025 592__ $$a0.599$$b2022
000120025 591__ $$aENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES$$b146 / 275 = 0.531$$c2022$$dQ3$$eT2
000120025 593__ $$aEnvironmental Engineering$$c2022$$dQ2
000120025 593__ $$aWaste Management and Disposal$$c2022$$dQ2
000120025 593__ $$aRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment$$c2022$$dQ2
000120025 594__ $$a6.9$$b2022
000120025 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000120025 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-9310-7864$$aRezeau, Adeline
000120025 700__ $$aHerce, Carlos
000120025 773__ $$g13 (2022), 4925-4949$$pWaste and biomass valorization$$tWASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION$$x1877-2641
000120025 8564_ $$s4179107$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/120025/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000120025 8564_ $$s1925460$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/120025/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000120025 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:120025$$particulos$$pdriver
000120025 951__ $$a2024-03-18-14:25:55
000120025 980__ $$aARTICLE