000120975 001__ 120975 000120975 005__ 20231108202303.0 000120975 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.jasrep.2022.103683 000120975 0248_ $$2sideral$$a131248 000120975 037__ $$aART-2022-131248 000120975 041__ $$aeng 000120975 100__ $$aLa Duc, Elizabeth 000120975 245__ $$aDiverse strategies for copper production in Chalcolithic Iberia 000120975 260__ $$c2022 000120975 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000120975 5203_ $$aOur understanding of early copper metallurgy in the Iberian Peninsula is mostly based on analysis from wellstudied regions in the Southeast and Southwest. This paper focuses on two recently recovered Chalcolithic metallurgical assemblages outside these traditional research foci: two slagged crucibles from Lugar Viejo III (Zaragoza) and two large slag cakes from Cueva del Canaveralejo ˜ (Cordoba). ´ Analysis of the compositions and microstructures of the artifacts using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) suggests they are related to primary copper production, namely smelting in cruciblefurnaces under relatively oxidizing conditions, as is standard for this period. The slag layers on crucibles from Lugar Viejo indicate the production of copper with minor amounts of arsenic, also typical for this period. Of special note is the use of organic temper in the crucibles from Lugar Viejo, a practice found at the nearby site of Moncín but rare at other sites in Iberia. However, the slags from Cueva del Canaveralejo ˜ are atypical in their large size (approx. 125 g each), fayalitic composition, unusual efficiency as demonstrated by a low copper content, and lack of arsenic; furthermore, the high sulfur content raises the possibility of the use of sulfidic ores. Results from both sites are compared against published data from well-known sites such as Los Millares, Las Pilas, Almizaraque, and Bauma del Serrat del Pont. The new data from Lugar Viejo and Cueva del Canaveralejo ˜ reinforce the interpretation of metallurgy in the Iberian Peninsula as a low-skilled, conservative technology but also indicate the need for more research into regional variations. (See upplementary Data 1 for a summary in Spanish). 000120975 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101021480/EU/Reverse engineering collective action: complex technologies in stateless societies/REVERSEACTION$$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 101021480-REVERSEACTION 000120975 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000120975 592__ $$a0.739$$b2022 000120975 593__ $$aArcheology$$c2022$$dQ1 000120975 593__ $$aHistory$$c2022$$dQ1 000120975 593__ $$aArcheology (arts and humanities)$$c2022$$dQ1 000120975 594__ $$a3.0$$b2022 000120975 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000120975 700__ $$aMontero-Ruiz, Ignacio 000120975 700__ $$aFreestone, Ian C. 000120975 700__ $$aFanlo Loras, Javier 000120975 700__ $$aJabalquinto Expósito, Isabel María 000120975 700__ $$aMartín de la Cruz, José C. 000120975 700__ $$aPérez-Lambán, Fernando 000120975 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-4726-819X$$aPicazo Millán, Jesús V.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000120975 700__ $$aMartinón-Torres, Marcos 000120975 7102_ $$13000$$2695$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ciencias de la Antigüed.$$cÁrea Prehistoria 000120975 773__ $$g46 (2022), 103683 [11 pp.]$$pJ. archaeol. sci. rep.$$tJOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS$$x2352-409X 000120975 8564_ $$s11904594$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/120975/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000120975 8564_ $$s2414130$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/120975/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000120975 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:120975$$particulos$$pdriver 000120975 951__ $$a2023-11-08-20:18:24 000120975 980__ $$aARTICLE