000123949 001__ 123949
000123949 005__ 20241125101126.0
000123949 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158965
000123949 0248_ $$2sideral$$a129894
000123949 037__ $$aART-2023-129894
000123949 041__ $$aeng
000123949 100__ $$aBaselga, Marta
000123949 245__ $$aImpact of needle-point bipolar ionization system in the reduction of bioaerosols in collective transport
000123949 260__ $$c2023
000123949 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000123949 5203_ $$aThe transmission rate of SARS-CoV-2 is higher in collective transport than in other public environments. Transport companies require preventive strategies to mitigate airborne risk of contagion which not imply responsible use at the individual level. Air purification systems, such as UV-C or needle-tip bipolar ionization, are attractive alternatives. However, only a few studies addressing the validation of this technology against bioaerosols in actual operation conditions have been published so far. In this work, the efficiency of a bipolar ionization unit in the Zaragoza Tram has been evaluated. Against environmental bioaerosols, ionization (~25.7 · 109 ions/m3, on average) reduced the concentration of colony-forming units (CFU) by ~46 % and ~69 % after 30 and 90 min. No clear benefits were obtained against microorganisms on inner tram surfaces (seats, grab bars, walls, and windows). ‘Pre-pandemic’ filtration equipment located in the HVAC based on a Coarse 45 %-type filter removed ~73 and ~ 92 % of aerial CFU by itself after 30 and 90 min. Microscopic visualization of the CFUs revealed that they were mostly >1 μm, much larger than the SARS-CoV-2 virion (~100 nm) and SARS-CoV-2-loaded bioaerosols (from 0.25 μm). Then, we studied the filter behavior under normalized laboratory methods. The filters efficiency against submicron particles was limited (between 5 and 12 % against 0.1 to 0.3 μm NaCl particles). Another ionization strategy was to generate aerosol agglomerates to enhance filtration performance, but the combined action of ionization and filtration did not improve substantially. The effect of these technologies was also characterized using the clean air delivery rate (CADR). Relative to untreated air (CADR = 0.299 m3/min), ionization and filtration reduce ambient CFUs (CADR = 5.153 and 9.261 m3/min, respectively; and CADR = 13.208 m3/min, combined) which implies that it has a substantial impact on indoor bioaerosols.
000123949 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby-nc-nd$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
000123949 592__ $$a1.998$$b2023
000123949 593__ $$aEnvironmental Chemistry$$c2023$$dQ1
000123949 593__ $$aWaste Management and Disposal$$c2023$$dQ1
000123949 593__ $$aPollution$$c2023$$dQ1
000123949 593__ $$aEnvironmental Engineering$$c2023$$dQ1
000123949 590__ $$a8.2$$b2023
000123949 591__ $$aENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES$$b31 / 358 = 0.087$$c2023$$dQ1$$eT1
000123949 594__ $$a17.6$$b2023
000123949 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
000123949 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-4440-830X$$aAlba, Juan J.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000123949 700__ $$aSchuhmacher, Alberto J.
000123949 7102_ $$15004$$2530$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ingeniería Mecánica$$cÁrea Ingen.e Infraestr.Transp.
000123949 773__ $$g855 (2023), 158965 [9 pp.]$$pSci. total environ.$$tSCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT$$x0048-9697
000123949 8564_ $$s2541965$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/123949/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000123949 8564_ $$s2093282$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/123949/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000123949 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:123949$$particulos$$pdriver
000123949 951__ $$a2024-11-22-11:57:39
000123949 980__ $$aARTICLE