124001 20240319081028.0 doi 10.1186/s40317-022-00312-z sideral 132584 ART-2022-132584 eng Abecia, J. A. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-2827-3054 Bio-loggers inserted in intravaginal sponges, or subcutaneously, as tools to measure body temperature 2022 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted The body temperature of animals can be measured by thermistors, thermocouples, or radiotelemetry devices that are implanted surgically under the skin, although the suitability of subcutaneous temperature as an indicator of core temperature can be limited because of abnormal temperature readings, probably affected by ambient temperature and animal inactivity. This study compared the use of bio-loggers designed to monitor subcutaneous temperature (Tsub), with their use embedded in intravaginal sponges to measure vaginal temperature (Tvag). Three ewes were implanted with a subcutaneous temperature bio-logger that was configured to record Tsub every 30 min for a month. Ewes were given an intravaginal sponge for 12 days two days later. Inside the sponges were installed programmed bio-loggers that measured Tvag every 5 min. The ambient temperature (Tamb) and relative humidity were monitored using mini data-loggers. Mean Tsub was lower (P < 0.001) during the day (38.02 ± 0.02 °C) than at night (38.10 ± 0.02 °C), with maximum Tsub (38.57 °C) at 20:00 h and minimum temperature (37.36 °C) at 08:00 h; however, mean Tvag was higher (P < 0.001) during the day (38.71 ± 0.01 °C) than at night (38.62 ± 0.01 °C), with maximum Tsub (39.02 °C) at 20:55 h and minimum temperature (38.33 °C) occurred at 08:25 h. Mean Tsub (38.08 ± 0.02 °C) was lower (P < 0.0001) than was Tvag (38.65 ± 0.10 °C) in the daytime and at night (P < 0.001). Both temperatures had a 24-h rhythm (P < 0.0001), but differed (P < 0.001) in the mean midline estimating statistic of rhythm (MESOR) (Tvag: 38.67 ± 0.02 °C, Tsub: 38.09 ± 0.02 °C), amplitude (Tvag: 0.21° ± 0.01C; Tsub: 0.25 ± 0.01 °C), and acrophase (Tvag: 18:27 ± 0.38 h, Tsub: 20:48 ± 0.44 h). The coefficient of correlation between the two temperatures, measured simultaneously for 12 d was 0.644 (P < 0.01), and between Tamb and the two physiological temperatures, measured at the same time throughout the 12 d experiment, was 0.319 (P < 0.01) for Tsub and 0.287 (P < 0.01) for Tvag. The linear regression analysis of the 24 h circadian rhythm in Tsub and Tvag indicated a high coefficient of determination with Tvag (0.9255) and a lower coefficient of determination with Tsub (0.4292). In conclusion, the integration of a mini body temperature logger into a vaginal sponge, or their subcutaneous insertion, provided a continuous and accurate record of body temperature. Furthermore, the strong correlation between mean 24 h circadian Tvag and Tamb, demonstrated the usefulness of Tvag in biometeorological studies in sheep. As an alternative to employing these devices subcutaneously, they can also can be utilized as a biomarker of core body temperature inserted in vaginal sponges. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 2.7 2022 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY 22 / 109 = 0.202 2022 Q1 T1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 21 / 65 = 0.323 2022 Q2 T1 ECOLOGY 75 / 171 = 0.439 2022 Q2 T2 0.813 2022 Instrumentation 2022 Q1 Animal Science and Zoology 2022 Q1 Signal Processing 2022 Q2 Computer Networks and Communications 2022 Q2 4.2 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Luis, S. Canto, F. Palacios, C. 2008 700 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Produc.Animal Cienc.Ali. Área Producción Animal 10 (2022), 37[11 pp.] Animal Biotelemetry 2050-3385 2361666 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/124001/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2594694 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/124001/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:124001 articulos driver 2024-03-18-16:58:48 ARTICLE