| TAZ-TFG-2022-3372 |
Comparación de estructuras tectónicas de Marte y la Tierra
Grima Guinda, Laura
Casas Sainz, Antonio (dir.) ; Arlegui Crespo, Luis (dir.)
Universidad de Zaragoza,
CIEN,
2022
Ciencias de la Tierra department, Geodinámica Interna area
Graduado en Geología
Abstract: Planetary exploration is becoming increasingly detailed thanks to scientific and technological advances in recent decades. Mars, the fourth planet in the Solar System, offers us a rocky and arid terrain, about half the size of the Earth. On its surface, rovers move around collecting information about our neighbouring planet, while in orbit, space probes take high- quality pictures to obtain different maps that allow us to observe and analyse each area of the Martian terrain.
Although Earth and Mars have significant differences in size, mass, gravity, climate and atmospheric composition, similarities can be found in the patterns of tectonic structure formation. This study consists of characterising the fracturing of two zones, one on each planet, in order to establish geometric, kinematic and dynamic relationships that allow us to compare the tectonics of the two worlds. For this purpose, we have observed different maps, orthoimages and DEMs available in Google Earth, Google Mars, Astropedia and CNIG.
On the one hand, the Ulysses Fossae area on Mars has been analysed. It is a linear megastructure of about 600x100 km with an approximate N-S direction located in the Tharsis region, between Olympus Mons and Tharsis Montes. A total of 937 linear fractures, divided into 4 families according to their orientations, 2 volcanic edifices, 76 impact craters, and 26 concentric fractures have been identified and mapped on the THEMIS image.
On the other hand, in relation to the Earth, a sector of about 500 ha located in the North of the Calatayud Basin, an intramountainous Cenozoic depression with a NW-SE direction located in the NE of the Iberian Peninsula, has been studied. In this basin, 517 linear fractures have been mapped on the PNOA orthophoto, grouped in 3 sets according to their direction with respect to the North.
Cartograpghies, frequency and rose diagrams allow us to compare fracture patterns between Mars and Earth, finding both similarities and differences. Furthermore, the kinematic and dynamic analyses help us to infer a sinistral transtension model for the development of the structures observed in Ulysses Fossae (Mars) and a radial extension model for the formation of the fractures in the Calatayud area (Earth).
Although Earth and Mars have significant differences in size, mass, gravity, climate and atmospheric composition, similarities can be found in the patterns of tectonic structure formation. This study consists of characterising the fracturing of two zones, one on each planet, in order to establish geometric, kinematic and dynamic relationships that allow us to compare the tectonics of the two worlds. For this purpose, we have observed different maps, orthoimages and DEMs available in Google Earth, Google Mars, Astropedia and CNIG.
On the one hand, the Ulysses Fossae area on Mars has been analysed. It is a linear megastructure of about 600x100 km with an approximate N-S direction located in the Tharsis region, between Olympus Mons and Tharsis Montes. A total of 937 linear fractures, divided into 4 families according to their orientations, 2 volcanic edifices, 76 impact craters, and 26 concentric fractures have been identified and mapped on the THEMIS image.
On the other hand, in relation to the Earth, a sector of about 500 ha located in the North of the Calatayud Basin, an intramountainous Cenozoic depression with a NW-SE direction located in the NE of the Iberian Peninsula, has been studied. In this basin, 517 linear fractures have been mapped on the PNOA orthophoto, grouped in 3 sets according to their direction with respect to the North.
Cartograpghies, frequency and rose diagrams allow us to compare fracture patterns between Mars and Earth, finding both similarities and differences. Furthermore, the kinematic and dynamic analyses help us to infer a sinistral transtension model for the development of the structures observed in Ulysses Fossae (Mars) and a radial extension model for the formation of the fractures in the Calatayud area (Earth).
Tipo de Trabajo Académico: Trabajo Fin de Grado
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