126367 20260107185711.0 doi 10.3390/batteries9040211 sideral 133794 ART-2023-133794 eng Schubert, Christina Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Perspectives 2023 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Recently, the appeal of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESSs) has been growing in multiple application fields, such as charging stations, grid services, and microgrids. HESSs consist of an integration of two or more single Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) to combine the benefits of each ESS and improve the overall system performance, e.g., efficiency and lifespan. Most recent studies on HESS mainly focus on power management and coupling between the different ESSs without a particular interest in a specific type of ESS. Over the last decades, Redox-Flow Batteries (RFBs) have received significant attention due to their attractive features, especially for stationary storage applications, and hybridization can improve certain characteristics with respect to short-term duration and peak power availability. Presented in this paper is a comprehensive overview of the main concepts of HESSs based on RFBs. Starting with a brief description and a specification of the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of common electrochemical storage technologies suitable for hybridization with RFBs, HESS are classified based on battery-oriented and application-oriented KPIs. Furthermore, an optimal coupling architecture of HESS comprising the combination of an RFB and a Supercapacitor (SC) is proposed and evaluated via numerical simulation. Finally, an in-depth study of Energy Management Systems (EMS) is conducted. The general structure of an EMS as well as possible application scenarios are provided to identify commonly used control and optimization parameters. Therefore, the differentiation in system-oriented and application-oriented parameters is applied to literature data. Afterwards, state-of-the-art EMS optimization techniques are discussed. As an optimal EMS is characterized by the prediction of the system’s future behavior and the use of the suitable control technique, a detailed analysis of the previous implemented EMS prediction algorithms and control techniques is carried out. The study summarizes the key aspects and challenges of the electrical hybridization of RFBs and thus gives future perspectives on newly needed optimization and control algorithms for management systems. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/963550/EU/ HyFlow: Development of a sustainable hybrid storage system based on high power vanadium redox flow battery and supercapacitor – technology/HyFlow This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 963550-HyFlow info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es 4.6 2023 ELECTROCHEMISTRY 16 / 45 = 0.356 2023 Q2 T2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 141 / 439 = 0.321 2023 Q2 T1 ENERGY & FUELS 79 / 171 = 0.462 2023 Q2 T2 0.659 2023 Electrical and Electronic Engineering 2023 Q2 Energy Engineering and Power Technology 2023 Q2 Electrochemistry 2023 Q2 4.0 2023 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Hassen, Wiem Fekih Poisl, Barbara Seitz, Stephanie Schubert, Jonathan Usabiaga, Estanis Oyarbide Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-4834-940X Molina Gaudo, Pilar Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-4592-769X Pettinger, Karl-Heinz 5008 785 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ingeniería Electrón.Com. Área Tecnología Electrónica 9, 4 (2023), 211 [29 pp.] Batteries 2313-0105 4842612 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/126367/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2719100 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/126367/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:126367 articulos driver 2026-01-07-18:55:46 ARTICLE