doi:10.1080/17461391.2022.2104657engFernández-García, Á. I.Gómez-Cabello, A.Gómez-Bruton, A.Moradell, A.Navarrete-Villanueva, D.Pérez-Gómez, J.González-Gross, M.Ara, I.Casajús, J. A.Vicente-Rodríguez, G.Effects of multicomponent training and detraining on the fitness of older adults with or at risk of frailty: results of a 10-month quasi-experimental studyART-2023-130101The aims of this study were (1) to analyse the effects of a 6-month multicomponent training (MCT) on the physical fitness of older adults with or at risk of frailty; (2) to study the consequences of a 4-month detraining period; (3) to analyse the influence of frailty status on the training and detraining adaptations. A total of 102 robust, frail and prefrail older adults (80.1 ± 6.1 y) were divided into an intervention (TRAIN) and control group (CON). The TRAIN performed a 6-month MCT, while the CON continued with their usual lifestyle. Fitness assessment was mainly based on the Senior Fitness Test. Four evaluations were carried out; at baseline, and at 3, 6 and 10 months from baseline. Linear mixed models were performed to analyse group by time interactions and to compare differences in changes within groups between different time points. After 6-month MCT, TRAIN showed greater improvements for all fitness variables (group effects p < 0.05, except for flexibility) when compared to the CON. During the 4-month detraining period, TRAIN significantly decreased their balance, upper-limb flexibility and upper and lower-limb strength (all p < 0.05). CON only decreased upper-limb flexibility. When accounting for frailty status in the TRAIN, the frail-prefrail showed lower adaptations to the training and were more affected by detraining than the robust. The presented MCT is a good strategy to improve fitness in this population, but its positive effects are limited in time. It is, therefore, critical to avoid detraining periods.2023http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/12690310.1080/17461391.2022.2104657http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/126903oai:zaguan.unizar.es:126903European Journal of Sport Science 23, 8 (2023), 1696-1709by-nchttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess