126978 20250319143308.0 doi 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c01040 sideral 134415 ART-2023-134415 eng Antorán, D. Universidad de Zaragoza Waste hemp hurd as a sustainable precursor for affordable and high-rate hard carbon-based anodes in sodium-ion batteries 2023 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted The present study reports the promising potential of waste hemp-hurd-derived carbons as anodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Carbons were produced through an easily scalable process consisting of pyrolysis of raw biomass at 500 °C followed by mild chemical activation of the resulting char through wet impregnation with K2CO3 and subsequent heating of the solid phase (after filtration and drying) up to 700 or 800 °C under nitrogen. The best electrochemical performance was observed for the hard carbon activated at a char-K2CO3 mass ratio of 1:4 and heated up to 800 °C, which exhibited an excellent initial coulombic efficiency (73%) and achieved reversible charge capacities of 267 and 79 mAh g–1 at 0.03 and 1 A g–1, respectively. This material also exhibited an impressive cyclic stability and rate capability, with a capacity retention of 96% after 300 cycles at a current density of 2 A g–1. This more than satisfactory performance could be related to the textural and structural features of the hard carbon, which include moderate interconnected microporosity (with pore sizes below 1 nm), an appropriate concentration of defects in the carbon structure, relatively large interplanar distances, and a certain number of closed pores. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/PID2019-107737RB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA-FEDER/T22-20R info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 5.2 2023 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL 35 / 170 = 0.206 2023 Q1 T1 ENERGY & FUELS 69 / 171 = 0.404 2023 Q2 T2 1.018 2023 Energy Engineering and Power Technology 2023 Q1 Fuel Technology 2023 Q1 Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) 2023 Q1 9.2 2023 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Alvira, D. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-5526-3962 Peker, M. E. Malón, H. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-0341-8408 Irusta, S. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-2966-9088 Sebastián, V. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-6873-5244 Manyà, J. J. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-0118-3254 5005 555 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb. Área Ingeniería Química 5004 545 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ingeniería Mecánica Área Ingeniería Mecánica 5005 790 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb. Área Tecnologi. Medio Ambiente 37, 13 (2023), 9650-9661 Energy fuels Energy and Fuels 0887-0624 7196632 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/126978/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 3040138 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/126978/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:126978 articulos driver 2025-03-19-14:32:20 ARTICLE