000127672 001__ 127672
000127672 005__ 20241125101155.0
000127672 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1108/GM-10-2022-0328
000127672 0248_ $$2sideral$$a134713
000127672 037__ $$aART-2023-134713
000127672 041__ $$aeng
000127672 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-6511-1893$$aEsteban Salvador, María Luisa$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000127672 245__ $$aFemale chairs on the boards of European National Sports Federations: a comparative study
000127672 260__ $$c2023
000127672 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000127672 5203_ $$aPurpose: This study aims to explore the impact of board size, board gender diversity and federation age on the likelihood of having a female chair in National Sports Federations (NSF).
Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative methodology compares 300 sports boards in five countries (Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey and the UK), using data collected from NSF’s websites.
Findings: The board size and federation age have no significant impact on having a female board chair when the countries and the percentage of female directors are included in the model. When the number of women is measured in absolute value rather than in relative terms, the only variable that predicts a woman chair is the country. When the model does not include country differences, the percentage of female directors is key in predicting a chairwoman, and when the number of women is used as a variable instead of the percentage, a board’s smaller size increases the odds of having a chairwoman.
Research limitations/implications: There are some limitations to this study which we believe provide useful directions for future research. Firstly, the authors have not considered the role of gender typing in sports activities which explains the extent that women participate in specific sports (Sobal and Milgrim, 2019) and the related perception of such sports in society. The social representation of sports activities classified as masculine, feminine or gender-neutral can hypothetically influence women’s access to that specific federations’s leadership. The authors included the country factor only partially, as a control variable, as the social representation of sports usually goes beyond national boundaries.
Practical implications: This study has implications for sport policymakers and stakeholders, and for institutions such as the IOC or the European Union that implement equality policies. If the aim is to increase female presence in the highest position of a sports board and to achieve gender equality more generally, other policies need to be implemented alongside gender quotas for the sports boards, namely, those specifically related to the recruitment and selection of the sports board chairs (Mikkonen et al., 2021). For example, given the implications of critical mass and its ability to increase more female’s engagement then the role of existing chairs acting as mentors and taking initiative in this objective may be warranted. Furthermore, attention should be paid to the existing gender portfolio of each board and its subsequent influence on recruiting a female chair, regardless of the organization’s age. Knoppers et al. (2021) concluded that resistance to gender balance by board members is often related to discriminatory discourses against women. The normalization of the discourses of meritocracy, neoliberalism, silence/passivity about the responsibility of structures and an artificial defence of diversity emphasise that equality should not only be determined by women (Knoppers et al., 2021).
Social implications: When countries are included in the model, the results suggest that the social representation of a female board member is different from that of a female board chair.
Originality/value: The originality of the study is that it shows the factors that constrain women taking up a chair position on NSFs. Theoretically, it contributes to existing literature by demonstrating how a critical mass of females on boards may also extend to the higher and most powerful position of chair.
000127672 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/S11-23R-CEMBE$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EUR/ERASMUS+Sport/590521-EPP-1–2017-1- ES-SPO-SCP
000127672 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
000127672 590__ $$a2.3$$b2023
000127672 592__ $$a0.995$$b2023
000127672 591__ $$aWOMENS STUDIES$$b9 / 66 = 0.136$$c2023$$dQ1$$eT1
000127672 593__ $$aGender Studies$$c2023$$dQ1
000127672 591__ $$aBUSINESS$$b164 / 304 = 0.539$$c2023$$dQ3$$eT2
000127672 593__ $$aBusiness, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous)$$c2023$$dQ1
000127672 591__ $$aMANAGEMENT$$b221 / 407 = 0.543$$c2023$$dQ3$$eT2
000127672 594__ $$a6.4$$b2023
000127672 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000127672 700__ $$aFernandes, Emilia Pereira
000127672 700__ $$aDi Cimbrini, Tiziana
000127672 700__ $$aSmith, Charlie
000127672 700__ $$aGüngör Göksu, Gonca
000127672 7102_ $$14002$$2230$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Contabilidad y Finanzas$$cÁrea Economía Finan. y Contab.
000127672 773__ $$g39, 4 (2023), 497-515$$pGend. manag.$$tGender in management$$x1754-2413
000127672 8564_ $$s213417$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/127672/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000127672 8564_ $$s1932072$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/127672/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
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000127672 951__ $$a2024-11-22-12:09:07
000127672 980__ $$aARTICLE