Exploring the impact of ketogenic diet on multiple sclerosis: obesity, anxiety, depression, and the glutamate system

Ortí, Jose Enrique de la Rubia ; Cuerda-Ballester, María ; Sanchis-Sanchis, Claudia Emmanuela ; Lajara Romance, Jose María ; Navarro-Illana, Esther ; García Pardo, María Pilar (Universidad de Zaragoza)

Resumen: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Individuals with MS frequently present symptoms such as functional disability, obesity, and anxiety and depression. Axonal demyelination can be observed and implies alterations in mitochondrial activity and increased inflammation associated with disruptions in glutamate neurotransmitter activity. In this context, the ketogenic diet (KD), which promotes the production of ketone bodies in the blood [mainly β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB)], is a non-pharmacological therapeutic alternative that has shown promising results in peripheral obesity reduction and central inflammation reduction. However, the association of this type of diet with emotional symptoms through the modulation of glutamate activity in MS individuals remains unknown.AimTo provide an update on the topic and discuss the potential impact of KD on anxiety and depression through the modulation of glutamate activity in subjects with MS.DiscussionThe main findings suggest that the KD, as a source of ketone bodies in the blood, improves glutamate activity by reducing obesity, which is associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, promoting central inflammation (particularly through an increase in interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17). This improvement would imply a decrease in extrasynaptic glutamate activity, which has been linked to functional disability and the presence of emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1227431

Año: 2023

Publicado en: Frontiers in Nutrition 10 (2023), 1227431 [9 pp]
ISSN: 2296-861X

Factor impacto JCR: 4.0 (2023)

Categ. JCR: NUTRITION & DIETETICS rank: 31 / 114 = 0.272 (2023) - Q2 - T1

Factor impacto CITESCORE: 5.2 - Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (Q2) - Food Science (Q2) - Nutrition and Dietetics (Q2)

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 0.828 - Food Science (Q1) - Nutrition and Dietetics (Q2) - Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (Q2)

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Psicolog.Evolut.Educac (Dpto. Psicología y Sociología)