000127838 001__ 127838 000127838 005__ 20241125101200.0 000127838 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3390/medicina59081380 000127838 0248_ $$2sideral$$a134937 000127838 037__ $$aART-2023-134937 000127838 041__ $$aeng 000127838 100__ $$aPerreault, Thomas 000127838 245__ $$aIntramuscular Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Trigger Points in Patients with Chronic Migraine: A Protocol for a Pilot Study Using a Single-Case Experimental Design 000127838 260__ $$c2023 000127838 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000127838 5203_ $$aBackground and Objectives: Trigger points (TrPs) are prevalent in patients with migraine headaches. Needling interventions targeting TrPs in migraine patients may reduce the intensity and frequency of headaches, yet systematic reviews reveal a lack of robust evidence. Intramuscular electrical stimulation (IMES) is a modality that delivers electrical current into muscles and TrPs, with recent studies suggesting it may amplify the therapeutic effects of dry needling peripherally and centrally. This could be advantageous for patients with migraine and symptomatic TrPs. Materials and Methods: This study will implement a multiple baseline single-case experimental design (SCED). In a clinical setting, a SCED study lends itself to conducting research with only a few patients that each serve as their own controls. In this SCED study, four participants with chronic migraine will be enrolled in a non-concurrent manner and randomized to one of four baseline measurement periods (4, 5, 6 or 7 weeks), leading to four potentially different start dates for each participant in the intervention phase. During the intervention phase, patients will receive five sessions of dry needling with IMES, one session per week for five weeks. The primary outcome measure will be headache frequency, i.e., the reduction in the number of headache days over a one-month period using electronic headache diary data from the Migraine Buddy smartphone application. Secondary outcome measures will be changes in mean migraine pain intensity using a numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), migraine disability using the Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS), the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), and changes in selected cervical musculoskeletal impairments including pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) over TrPs, the craniocervical flexion test (CCFT), and cervical active range of motion (AROM). Primary and secondary outcome measures will be analyzed separately using both visual and statistical analyses. Results: Actively recruiting participants. This project was approved by the Mass General Brigham Institutional Review Board (protocol #2023P000931) and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05893914). Conclusions: This study will seek to determine the effects of a five-week intervention period of IMES to TrPs in the posterior cervical muscles of subjects with chronic migraine. 000127838 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000127838 590__ $$a2.4$$b2023 000127838 592__ $$a0.593$$b2023 000127838 591__ $$aMEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL$$b81 / 329 = 0.246$$c2023$$dQ1$$eT1 000127838 593__ $$aMedicine (miscellaneous)$$c2023$$dQ2 000127838 594__ $$a3.3$$b2023 000127838 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000127838 700__ $$aArendt-Nielson, Lars 000127838 700__ $$aFernández-de-las-Peñas, César 000127838 700__ $$aDommerholt, Jan 000127838 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-9201-0120$$aHerrero, Pablo$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000127838 700__ $$aHubbard, Ryan 000127838 7102_ $$11006$$2413$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería$$cÁrea Fisioterapia 000127838 773__ $$g59, 8 (2023), 1380 [14 pp.]$$pMedicina-LithuaniaMedicina (Kaunas)$$tMedicina (Lithuania)$$x1010-660X 000127838 8564_ $$s1340286$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/127838/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000127838 8564_ $$s2833999$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/127838/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000127838 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:127838$$particulos$$pdriver 000127838 951__ $$a2024-11-22-12:11:17 000127838 980__ $$aARTICLE