Food consumption patterns related to excess weight and obesity in Spanish preschoolers

López Gil, J. F. ; Smith, L. ; Abellán Huerta, J. ; Abellán Alemán, José ; Panisello Royo, J. M. ; Gutiérrez Espinoza, H. ; López Bueno, R. ; Tárraga López, P. J.

Resumen: Purpose: The aims of this study were (1) to identify the different food consumption patterns among Spanish preschoolers and (2) to examine the association between having a different food consumption pattern and the odds of having excess weight (i.e., overweight or obesity) or obesity among this population. Methods: This was a nationwide cross-sectional study with data from the Spanish National Health Survey-2017. All preschoolers (aged 3-5 years) with complete information on all the variables analyzed were selected. The frequency of consumption of the fourteen food groups was evaluated by a food frequency questionnaire. Excess weight/obesity were computed following the World Health Organization criteria. A hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward's method (i.e., based on squared Euclidean distances) and k-means were performed including all food group consumption. A total sample of 663 was included in the cluster analysis.Results: Three different clusters were established. Compared to the healthiest food consumption pattern (Cluster 1), higher odds of excess weight (OR = 1.51; CI: 95%, 1.02-2.25) and obesity (OR = 1.59; CI: 95%, 1.01-2.51) were found for participants with the unhealthiest food consumption pattern (Cluster 3). Conclusion: Having a food consumption pattern considered unhealthy (i.e., low intake of vegetables/fruits, high consumption of confectionery products, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast-food, and snacks) was associated with presenting excess weight/obesity among Spanish preschoolers. Impact:
- No studies have examined the specific food consumption patterns associated with excess weight or obesity among Spanish preschoolers.
- The unhealthiest food consumption pattern was characterized by a food consumption pattern that included a lower intake of vegetables and fruits and a higher consumption of confectionery products, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast-food, and snacks. - - Having a food consumption pattern considered unhealthy was associated with a higher prevalence of excess weight and obesity in comparison with other healthier food consumption patterns.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02442-9

Año: 2023

Publicado en: Pediatric research 94 (2023), 385–391
ISSN: 0031-3998

Factor impacto JCR: 3.1 (2023)

Categ. JCR: PEDIATRICS rank: 25 / 186 = 0.134 (2023) - Q1 - T1

Factor impacto CITESCORE: 6.8 - Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health (Q1)

Factor impacto SCIMAGO: 1.184 - Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health (Q1)

Tipo y forma: Artículo (PostPrint)