000129887 001__ 129887
000129887 005__ 20241125101134.0
000129887 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1007/s00764-023-00256-x
000129887 0248_ $$2sideral$$a136193
000129887 037__ $$aART-2023-136193
000129887 041__ $$aeng
000129887 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-8701-9745$$aJarne, Carmen$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000129887 245__ $$aGradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
000129887 260__ $$c2023
000129887 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000129887 5203_ $$aClassic saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) analysis has long enabled the chromatographic separation of complex hydrocarbon-containing products into these four families. This simplification often does not provide sufficient or correct information on the relationship between the composition of the products and the process variables studied. The obtention of profiles by gradient automated multiple development (AMD) is an interesting alternative to obtain extended SARA separations with increasing level of complexity for heavy petroleum products that adequately represent the entirety of the sample. An optimized 20-step gradient based on tetrahydrofuran (THF)‒dichloromethane‒n-heptane over a total migration distance of 83 mm is proposed here to characterize all types of heavy oil products. The combination of ultraviolet (UV)–densitometry (at 201, 228, and 273 nm), fluorescence detection by intensity changes using berberine cation, together with on-plate recording of UV spectra of separated peaks and the comparison with those of standards, allow for a deep characterization of chemical families. In the apolar zone of the chromatogram saturates, naphthenes, naphteno-aromatics, alkyl-aromatics, and aromatics with different degrees of condensation are detected. The use of THF, both in the plate precleaning stage and in the first stages of the gradient, is responsible for the satisfactory resolution of the resins in the polar zone. AMD chromatographic zones can be related to peaks from hydrocarbon groups in classical SARA. The application of this gradient to different types of products allowed for the relation of the profiles of bitumen to their origin, differentiation of the resin part trapped in asphaltenes, control performance of deasphalting in hydrorefining products, and the control of the composition of base oils.
000129887 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
000129887 590__ $$a1.1$$b2023
000129887 592__ $$a0.352$$b2023
000129887 591__ $$aCHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL$$b89 / 106 = 0.84$$c2023$$dQ4$$eT3
000129887 593__ $$aAnalytical Chemistry$$c2023$$dQ3
000129887 593__ $$aClinical Biochemistry$$c2023$$dQ3
000129887 593__ $$aBiochemistry$$c2023$$dQ3
000129887 594__ $$a2.2$$b2023
000129887 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000129887 700__ $$aCebolla, Vicente L.
000129887 700__ $$aMembrado, Luis
000129887 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-5645-6723$$aEscuín, José M.
000129887 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-4887-1652$$aVela, Jesús$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000129887 7102_ $$12009$$2750$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Química Analítica$$cÁrea Química Analítica
000129887 773__ $$g36 (2023), 335–349$$pJPC, J. planar chromatogr. mod. TLC$$tJPC-JOURNAL OF PLANAR CHROMATOGRAPHY-MODERN TLC$$x0933-4173
000129887 8564_ $$s2638865$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/129887/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada
000129887 8564_ $$s2506247$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/129887/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada
000129887 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:129887$$particulos$$pdriver
000129887 951__ $$a2024-11-22-12:00:02
000129887 980__ $$aARTICLE