000130000 001__ 130000 000130000 005__ 20240118092026.0 000130000 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1145/3414685.3417782 000130000 0248_ $$2sideral$$a122536 000130000 037__ $$aART-2020-122536 000130000 041__ $$aeng 000130000 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-4833-8732$$aGuillén, I.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000130000 245__ $$aA general framework for pearlescent materials 000130000 260__ $$c2020 000130000 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000130000 5203_ $$aThe unique and visually mesmerizing appearance of pearlescent materials has made them an indispensable ingredient in a diverse array of applications including packaging, ceramics, printing, and cosmetics. In contrast to their natural counterparts, such synthetic examples of pearlescence are created by dispersing microscopic interference pigments within a dielectric resin. The resulting space of materials comprises an enormous range of different phenomena ranging from smooth lustrous appearance reminiscent of pearl to highly directional metallic gloss, along with a gradual change in color that depends on the angle of observation and illumination. All of these properties arise due to a complex optical process involving multiple scattering from platelets characterized by wave-optical interference. This article introduces a flexible model for simulating the optics of such pearlescent 3D microstructures. Following a thorough review of the properties of currently used pigments and manufacturing-related effects that influence pearlescence, we propose a new model which expands the range of appearance that can be represented, and closely reproduces the behavior of measured materials, as we show in our comparisons. Using our model, we conduct a systematic study of the parameter space and its relationship to different aspects of pearlescent appearance. We observe that several previously ignored parameters have a substantial impact on the material's optical behavior, including the multi-layered nature of modern interference pigments, correlations in the orientation of pigment particles, and variability in their properties (e.g. thickness). The utility of a general model for pearlescence extends far beyond computer graphics: inverse and differentiable approaches to rendering are increasingly used to disentangle the physics of scattering from real-world observations. Our approach could inform such reconstructions to enable the predictive design of tailored pearlescent materials. 000130000 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/682080/EU/Intuitive editing of visual appearance from real-world datasets/CHAMELEON$$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 682080-CHAMELEON$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/PID2019-105004GB-I00$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/TIN2016-78753-P 000130000 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aAll rights reserved$$uhttp://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/ 000130000 590__ $$a5.414$$b2020 000130000 591__ $$aCOMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING$$b9 / 108 = 0.083$$c2020$$dQ1$$eT1 000130000 592__ $$a2.153$$b2020 000130000 593__ $$aComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design$$c2020$$dQ1 000130000 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 000130000 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-9960-8945$$aMarco, J.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000130000 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-7503-7022$$aGutierrez, D.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000130000 700__ $$aJakob, W. 000130000 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-9000-0466$$aJarabo, A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000130000 7102_ $$15007$$2570$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Informát.Ingenie.Sistms.$$cÁrea Lenguajes y Sistemas Inf. 000130000 773__ $$g39, 6 (2020), 253 [15 pp]$$pACM trans. graph.$$tACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS$$x0730-0301 000130000 8564_ $$s7043855$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/130000/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint 000130000 8564_ $$s2188851$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/130000/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint 000130000 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:130000$$particulos$$pdriver 000130000 951__ $$a2024-01-18-09:05:10 000130000 980__ $$aARTICLE