doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1287312engDíez-Sainz, EsterLorente-Cebrián, SilviaAranaz, PaulaAmri, Ez-ZoubirRiezu-Boj, José I.Milagro, Fermín I.miR482f and miR482c-5p from edible plant-derived foods inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in human THP-1 macrophagesART-2023-136323Edible plants can exert anti-inflammatory activities in humans, being potentially useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Plant-derived microRNAs have emerged as cross-kingdom gene expression regulators and could act as bioactive molecules involved in the beneficial effects of some edible plants. We investigated the role of edible plant-derived microRNAs in the modulation of pro-inflammatory human genes.MethodsMicroRNAs from plant-derived foods were identified by next-generation sequencing. MicroRNAs with inflammatory putative targets were selected, after performing in silico analyses. The expression of candidate plant-derived miRNAs was analyzed by qPCR in edible plant-derived foods and their effects were evaluated in THP-1 monocytes differentiated to macrophages. The bioavailability of candidate plant miRNAs in humans was evaluated in feces and serum samples by qPCR.ResultsmiR482f and miR482c-5p are present in several edible plant-derived foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and cooked legumes and cereals, and fats and oils. Transfections with miR482f and miR482c-5p mimics decreased the gene expression of CLEC7A and NFAM1, and TRL6, respectively, in human THP-1 monocytes differentiated to macrophages, which had an impact on gene expression profile of inflammatory biomarkers. Both microRNAs (miR482f and miR482c-5p) resisted degradation during digestion and were detected in human feces, although not in serum.ConclusionOur findings suggest that miR482f and miR482c-5p can promote an anti-inflammatory gene expression profile in human macrophages in vitro and their bioavailability in humans can be achieved through diet, but eventually restricted at the gut level.2023http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/13001010.3389/fnut.2023.1287312http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/130010oai:zaguan.unizar.es:130010info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/CB12-03-30002info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-FEDER/BFU2015-65937-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/PID2022-141766OB-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/RTI2018-102205-B-I00Frontiers in Nutrition 10 (2023), 1287312 [15 pp.]byhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess