135788 20260217205550.0 doi 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234730 sideral 138765 ART-2024-138765 eng Aina, Sergio Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-2866-9369 Simple surface treatment improves performance of carbon materials for sodium ion battery anodes 2024 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Hard carbons are the most extended anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs); however, they suffer from several limitations such as low stability, poor rate performance and low initial Coulombic efficiency (iCE). Herein, a simple, fast, and low-cost surface treatment at room temperature using short-chain organic molecules: 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT) and oxalic acid (OxA) has been applied to a hard carbon (C1400). The carbons treated with sulfur containing molecules (MPA or EDT) exhibit higher capacity (12 % capacity enhancement after 100th cycles at C/10 and 18 % enhancement at 1C vs. C1400). The introduction of these ligands leads to improved micropore blockage, helping in the reversible insertion of Na ions. Moreover, ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses demonstrate that thiol functional groups promote the formation of favorable NaF and Na2O-rich solid electrolyte interfaces (SEI) leading to and faster sodium diffusion in the plateau region. Additionally, MPA and EDT treatments have been applied to a soft carbon (Vulcan XC-72R) resulting in a substantial 30 % capacity improvement after 100 cycles at 1C. These results demonstrate the wide applicability of the method as a straightforward and efficient strategy for improving the electrochemical properties of carbon anodes used in SIBs. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN-AEI/PRTR-C17.I1 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/PCI2019–10363 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by-nc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.es 7.9 2024 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL 43 / 185 = 0.232 2024 Q1 T1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 88 / 461 = 0.191 2024 Q1 T1 ENERGY & FUELS 41 / 182 = 0.225 2024 Q1 T1 ELECTROCHEMISTRY 7 / 44 = 0.159 2024 Q1 T1 1.784 2024 Electrical and Electronic Engineering 2024 Q1 Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment 2024 Q1 Physical and Theoretical Chemistry 2024 Q1 Energy Engineering and Power Technology 2024 Q1 14.9 2024 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Tratnik, Blaz Vizintin, Alen Tchernychova, Elena Lobera, M. Pilar Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-2436-1041 Dominko, Robert Bernechea, María (orcid)0000-0003-2800-6845 5005 555 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb. Área Ingeniería Química 5005 790 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb. Área Tecnologi. Medio Ambiente 610 (2024), 234730 [12 pp.] J. power sources JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES 0378-7753 7214386 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/135788/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 1988085 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/135788/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:135788 articulos driver 2026-02-17-20:40:12 ARTICLE