000135954 001__ 135954 000135954 005__ 20250923084427.0 000135954 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123521 000135954 0248_ $$2sideral$$a139019 000135954 037__ $$aART-2024-139019 000135954 041__ $$aeng 000135954 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-5557-0380$$aCuéllar-Fernández, Beatriz$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000135954 245__ $$aFactors behind the resilience of rural startups 000135954 260__ $$c2024 000135954 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000135954 5203_ $$aRural areas are characterized by sparse population, low population density, remoteness, and population aging, which can discourage startups and undermine their financial performance, as the theory of urban agglomeration economies suggests. However, many studies have shown that companies created in rural areas survive longer than those created in urban areas, which seems contradictory. This paper aims to identify the factors that explain this rural resilience. We analyzed all of the startups founded in Spain over 10 years. We used statistical matching methods to test for the effect of the location while controlling for founding conditions and environmental factors. Our study confirmed that few startups are created in rural areas and they grow less, but their survival rate is slightly higher than those established in urban areas. We found that high subsidies, low operating costs, high labor intensity, a slow but low-risk growth pattern, and other foundational conditions and external factors contribute to explaining rural resilience. Nonetheless, additional factors, including the traits of rural entrepreneurs and the lack of alternatives to bankruptcy, as proposed by the entrepreneurial opportunity theory, also matter. 000135954 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/PID2022-136818NB-I00$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/S38-23R 000135954 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby-nc-nd$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ 000135954 590__ $$a13.3$$b2024 000135954 592__ $$a3.472$$b2024 000135954 591__ $$aPLANNING & DEVELOPMENT$$b1 / 55 = 0.018$$c2024$$dQ1$$eT1 000135954 593__ $$aApplied Psychology$$c2024$$dQ1 000135954 591__ $$aBUSINESS$$b4 / 316 = 0.013$$c2024$$dQ1$$eT1 000135954 593__ $$aManagement of Technology and Innovation$$c2024$$dQ1 000135954 593__ $$aBusiness and International Management$$c2024$$dQ1 000135954 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000135954 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-6468-0944$$aFuertes-Callén, Yolanda$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000135954 700__ $$0(orcid)0009-0001-3533-7004$$aSerrano-Magdalena, Adriana$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000135954 7102_ $$14002$$2230$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Contabilidad y Finanzas$$cÁrea Economía Finan. y Contab. 000135954 773__ $$g206 (2024), 123521 [16 pp.]$$pTechnol. forecast. soc. change$$tTechnological Forecasting and Social Change$$x0040-1625 000135954 8564_ $$s1306340$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/135954/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000135954 8564_ $$s2686947$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/135954/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000135954 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:135954$$particulos$$pdriver 000135954 951__ $$a2025-09-22-14:40:46 000135954 980__ $$aARTICLE