148380 20260217205540.0 doi 10.3390/jcm13237039 sideral 141707 ART-2024-141707 eng Sevil-Pérez, Anais (orcid)0009-0002-8859-5485 The Association Between Major Depression and Alzheimer’s Disease Risk: Evidence from a 12-Year Longitudinal Study 2024 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Background: The relationship between depression, particularly major depression (MD), as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is well established; however, its precise role remains contested. Findings from the fourth wave of the ZARADEMP longitudinal study provide further insights into the association between MD and AD risk. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between MD and incident AD, controlling for established risk factors. Methods: The study analyzed 4803 participants, of whom 4057 were followed over a 12-year period as part of the ZARADEMP longitudinal study. Depression was assessed using the GMS-AGECAT, and dementia was diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. The association between MD and incident AD was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: The incidence of AD was approximately twice as high in participants with MD compared to those without (relative risk = 2.07; 95% CI: 0.85–5.03; p = 0.123). This risk was nearly threefold higher in the fully adjusted model. Conclusions: These findings underscore a significant association between MD and an increased risk of AD, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring and potential early intervention among individuals diagnosed with MD. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/B15-17R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/B15-23R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/G03-128 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/01-0255 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/03-0815 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/06-0617 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/12-02254 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/16-00896 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/19-01874 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/94-1562 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/97-1321E info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO-ISCIII/FIS/98-0103 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es 2.9 2024 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL 65 / 332 = 0.196 2024 Q1 T1 0.919 2024 Medicine (miscellaneous) 2024 Q1 5.2 2024 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion López-Antón, Raúl Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-3360-7015 Gracia-García, Patricia Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-9822-6312 de la Cámara, Concepción Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-2284-7862 Gascón-Catalán, Ana Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-0335-0404 Santabárbara, Javier Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-7297-6104 1006 255 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Fisiatría y Enfermería Área Enfermería 4009 730 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Psicología y Sociología Área Psicología Básica 1007 745 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm. Area Psiquiatría 1011 615 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Microb.Ped.Radio.Sal.Pú. Área Medic.Prevent.Salud Públ. 13, 23 (2024), 7039 [10 pp.] J. clin.med. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2077-0383 1747814 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/148380/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2678804 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/148380/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:148380 articulos driver 2026-02-17-20:36:01 ARTICLE