000149125 001__ 149125
000149125 005__ 20251017144548.0
000149125 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.04.006
000149125 0248_ $$2sideral$$a105773
000149125 037__ $$aART-2018-105773
000149125 041__ $$aeng
000149125 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-6148-1253$$aOrtego, A.
000149125 245__ $$aDowncycling in automobile recycling process: A thermodynamic assessment
000149125 260__ $$c2018
000149125 5203_ $$aCurrent metal recycling techniques for end-of-life vehicles (ELV) are based on mechanical treatments to mainly recover steel, aluminum, copper, and zinc alloys. Such techniques facilitate compliance with the ELV European Directive (2000/53/EC) target of achieving recyclability quotes of up to 85%. However, a vehicle can use more than 60 metals, some of them considered critical by international institutions, which end up downcycled as part of alloys or ultimately in landfills. This paper undertakes an assessment of the downcycling degree of minor metals in conventional vehicles using a SEAT Leon III model as a case study. Downcycling is assessed from a thermodynamic point of view using thermodynamic rarity, an indicator that is used as a weighting factor for the metals used in the car. The thermodynamic rarity of metals is a function of the quality of the minerals from which they stem, considering their relative abundance in Nature and the energy intensity required to extract and process them. The results demonstrated that, even if the quantity of downcycled metals only represents 4.5% of the total metal weight of the vehicle, in rarity terms, this figure increases to approximately 27%. This indicates that an important portion of high-quality metals becomes functionally lost. The most downcycled vehicle subsystems are in order: (1) accessories, (2) electrical and electronic equipment, (3) exhaust system, and (4) engine. Further, the most downcycled parts are: speed sensor, control unit, antenna amplifier, airbag circuit, temperature and rain sensors, front pipe, particle filter, and turbo parts.
000149125 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess$$aAll rights reserved$$uhttp://www.europeana.eu/rights/rr-f/
000149125 590__ $$a7.044$$b2018
000149125 591__ $$aENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES$$b15 / 250 = 0.06$$c2018$$dQ1$$eT1
000149125 591__ $$aENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL$$b6 / 52 = 0.115$$c2018$$dQ1$$eT1
000149125 592__ $$a1.541$$b2018
000149125 593__ $$aWaste Management and Disposal$$c2018$$dQ1
000149125 593__ $$aEconomics and Econometrics$$c2018$$dQ1
000149125 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
000149125 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-3330-1793$$aValero, A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000149125 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-0702-733X$$aValero, A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000149125 700__ $$aIglesias, M.
000149125 7102_ $$15004$$2590$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ingeniería Mecánica$$cÁrea Máquinas y Motores Térmi.
000149125 773__ $$g136 (2018), 24-32$$pResour. conserv. recycl.$$tResources, Conservation and Recycling$$x0921-3449
000149125 8564_ $$s925236$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/149125/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint
000149125 8564_ $$s2730412$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/149125/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint
000149125 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:149125$$particulos$$pdriver
000149125 951__ $$a2025-10-17-14:10:47
000149125 980__ $$aARTICLE