149884 20251017144635.0 doi 10.1080/08912963.2022.2050720 sideral 132122 ART-2022-132122 eng Azanza, Beatriz Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-2487-547X New fossils of the early Miocene stem-cervid Acteocemas (Artiodactyla, Ruminantia) from the Iberian Peninsula shed light on the evolutionary origin of deer antler regeneration 2022 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Acteocemas, a very poorly documented early Miocene stem-cervid, is one of the first ruminants bearing antler-like appendages, which has provided a ground for discussion on the origin of antlers. We describe a new and very complete appendage from the site of Sant Andreu de la Barca (Spain) together with some other unpublished specimens from the nearby Costablanca attributed to Acteocemas aff. infans, compare with fossils from elsewhere in Europe (including the A. infans holotype), and perform micro-CT scans. The findings provide new empirical data that Acteocemas protoantlers were able to be cast and re-grown. However, microstructural analyses suggest that the protoantler lifespan could be longer than that of modern antlers, preventing it from assuming a similar cycle. Results support that increased seasonality associated with a drop in global temperatures played a role in the origin of antler regeneration, and that deciduousness (through bone shedding) was an efficient way for (male)deer to reduce the seasonal leftover of bone mass. The early evolution of deciduousness, as in the probable irregular protoanter cycle of Acteocemas, was limited by the warming ca. 17–15 Ma, whereas the emergence of antlers with coronet was concomitant with the second increase in seasonality associated to the cooling ca. 15–13 Ma. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/E33-20R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2020-116220GB-I00 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by-nc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.es 1.4 2022 PALEONTOLOGY 30 / 54 = 0.556 2022 Q3 T2 0.551 2022 Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) 2022 Q1 3.5 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion Pina, Marta Quiralte, Victoria Sánchez, Israel M. DeMiguel, Daniel (orcid)0000-0001-6138-7227 2000 655 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ciencias de la Tierra Área Paleontología 34, 8 (2022), 1520-1533 Hist. Biol Historical Biology 0891-2963 592950 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/149884/files/texto_completo.pdf Postprint 931686 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/149884/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Postprint oai:zaguan.unizar.es:149884 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:28:20 ARTICLE