150013 20251017144606.0 doi 10.3390/ani11092657 sideral 125821 ART-2021-125821 eng Alaman M. Universidad de Zaragoza Description of an ultrasound-guided transverse approach to the transversus thoracis plane block and evaluation of injectate spread in canine cadavers 2021 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Transversus thoracis plane (TTP) block has demonstrated to produce analgesia in humans undergoing median sternotomy. The objectives of the study were to describe an ultrasound-guided transverse approach to the transversus thoracis plane (t-TTP) and to evaluate the spread of two injectable volumes in canine cadavers. Two cadavers were used to describe relevant gross anatomy of the ventral thoracic area and sonoanatomy between the fifth and sixth costal cartilages. Then, eight cadavers were used to describe the ultrasound-guided injection into the TTP and were dissected to evaluate the injectate spread and the intercostal nerves staining with two different dye-lidocaine volumes: low volume (LV) 0.5 mL kg-1 and high volume (HV) 1 mL kg-1. To compare the spread between both volumes the Fisher’s exact test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used. The solution spread along the TTP after all injections, staining a median number (range) of 3 (2–4) and 4 (3–5) nerves with LV and HV, respectively (p = 0.014). The injection of HV versus LV increases the number of stained nerves. Ultrasound-guided t-TTP is a feasible technique that provides staining of several intercostal nerves with a single injection site, so it could be useful to provide analgesia to the ventral chest wall. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es 3.231 2021 VETERINARY SCIENCES 16 / 145 = 0.11 2021 Q1 T1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE 13 / 62 = 0.21 2021 Q1 T1 0.61 2021 Veterinary (miscellaneous) 2021 Q1 Animal Science and Zoology 2021 Q1 2.7 2021 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion González-Marrón A. Lorente C. Bonastre C. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-6178-9891 Laborda A. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-0296-1617 1009 617 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Patología Animal Área Medicina y Cirugía Animal 11, 9 (2021), 11092657[12 pp] Animals (Basel) Animals 2076-2615 6762598 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/150013/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2573225 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/150013/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:150013 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:15:40 ARTICLE