000150067 001__ 150067
000150067 005__ 20251017144647.0
000150067 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.011
000150067 0248_ $$2sideral$$a87436
000150067 037__ $$aART-2014-87436
000150067 041__ $$aeng
000150067 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-7582-312X$$aDíaz-Ramírez, Maryori
000150067 245__ $$aInfluencing factors on NOX emission level during grate conversion of three pelletized energy crops
000150067 260__ $$c2014
000150067 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted
000150067 5203_ $$aNOX emission behavior of three different pelletized energy crops, a herbaceous one, Brassica carinata, a short rotation coppice, Populus sp., and a blend of them, was assessed during fixed grate conversion. Measurements of NOX emissions were done at combustion conditions that yielded both thermal efficiency and CO emissions according to the European norm (EN 303-5:2012), and results compared to limits established by the Austrian deviations. Based on the experimental data, NOX results fulfilled the Austrian restrictions except during combustion of brassica, which exhibited the highest Fuel-N content. The Fuel-NOX was identified as the main formation mechanism. An opposite relation was determined between the specific NOX emissions and the Fuel-N conversion ratio obtained between the N-rich and the N-lean fuels tested here. The influence of the air supply (amount and distribution) on the NOX formation was also noticeable. In general, a higher proportion of air increased the specific NOX emissions and the Fuel-N conversion ratio. Possibilities to control the NOX emissions level by air staging were rather limited, particularly, during combustion of brassica and the blend because of their peculiarities as ash-rich fuels with high slag formation risk. For attaining an appropriate conversion of these fuels, primary air requirements substantially increased. Due to limitations found during the energy crops conversion, efforts to minimize the level of NOX emissions identified here for the troublesome fuels tested should be mainly focused on attaining both a properly designed air supply system and the grate temperature control as well as on conditioning the Fuel-N content, for instance, by blending.
000150067 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MEC/ENE2008-03194-ALT$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MEC/PSE-120000
000150067 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby-nc-nd$$uhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
000150067 590__ $$a5.613$$b2014
000150067 591__ $$aENGINEERING, CHEMICAL$$b6 / 135 = 0.044$$c2014$$dQ1$$eT1
000150067 591__ $$aENERGY & FUELS$$b9 / 89 = 0.101$$c2014$$dQ1$$eT1
000150067 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
000150067 700__ $$aSebastián, Fernando
000150067 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-4631-6994$$aRoyo, Javier$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza
000150067 700__ $$aRezeau, Adeline
000150067 7102_ $$15004$$2590$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Ingeniería Mecánica$$cÁrea Máquinas y Motores Térmi.
000150067 773__ $$g115 (2014), 360-373$$pAppl. energy$$tApplied Energy$$x0306-2619
000150067 8564_ $$s2226171$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/150067/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yPostprint
000150067 8564_ $$s1228213$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/150067/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yPostprint
000150067 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:150067$$particulos$$pdriver
000150067 951__ $$a2025-10-17-14:34:44
000150067 980__ $$aARTICLE