150458 20260217205533.0 doi 10.1039/D4TA07393B sideral 142566 ART-2024-142566 eng Alvira, Darío Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-5526-3962 High performing and sustainable hard carbons for Na-ion batteries through acid-catalysed hydrothermal carbonisation of vine shoots 2024 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted This study investigates the synthesis of hard carbons via acid-assisted hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) of vine shoots, followed by thermal annealing, to be used as Na-ion battery anodes. Various carbons with diverse pore structures, ordering degrees, 2D morphologies, and chemical compositions are obtained using 2 mol dm-3 solutions of HNO3, HCl, H2SO4, or H3PO4 as the hydrothermal media. Compared to standard ester-based liquid electrolytes, the use of a diglyme-based electrolyte (NaPF6/DGM) substantially boosts both the initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and the specific capacity, particularly evident with the highly ordered and porous H3PO4-1000 and HCl-1000 carbons. These materials exhibit outstanding performance, storing 200 mAh g-1 at 2 A g-1 and showing ICE values of 68% and 77%, respectively. The improved stability and capacity are attributed to the formation of a more stable and thinner solid electrolyte interface (SEI), along with sodium storage into graphitic regions through a solvent co-intercalation reaction. While ester-based electrolytes limit hard carbon mesoporosity and require the promotion of turbostratic domains, ether-based electrolytes enable the development of more ordered and porous carbons, enhancing transport kinetics, sodium storage capacity, and electrode stability. Overall, acid-catalysed HTC offers a sustainable pathway for tailoring hard carbon based electrodes, repurposing biomass residues into valuable materials for green and low-cost energy storage applications. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/T22-23R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PDC2022-133866-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2021-127847OB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCINN/PID2022-137218OB-I00 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by-nc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.es 9.5 2024 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL 33 / 185 = 0.178 2024 Q1 T1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY 63 / 461 = 0.137 2024 Q1 T1 ENERGY & FUELS 29 / 182 = 0.159 2024 Q1 T1 2.462 2024 Chemistry (miscellaneous) 2024 Q1 Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment 2024 Q1 Materials Science (miscellaneous) 2024 Q1 16.7 2024 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Antorán, Daniel Universidad de Zaragoza Darjazi, Hamideh Elia, Giuseppe Antonio Gerbaldi, Claudio Sebastian, Victor Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-6873-5244 Manyà, Joan J. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-0118-3254 5005 555 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb. Área Ingeniería Química 5005 X Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ing.Quím.Tecnol.Med.Amb. Proy. investigación HKA 13, 4 (2024), 2730-2741 J. mater. chem. A Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2050-7488 1750024 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/150458/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2803125 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/150458/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:150458 articulos driver 2026-02-17-20:33:11 ARTICLE