000151481 001__ 151481 000151481 005__ 20250310131044.0 000151481 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3390/smartcities4010022 000151481 0248_ $$2sideral$$a126490 000151481 037__ $$aART-2021-126490 000151481 041__ $$aeng 000151481 100__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-7657-0075$$aSanguesa, J.A.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000151481 245__ $$aA Review on Electric Vehicles: Technologies and Challenges 000151481 260__ $$c2021 000151481 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000151481 5203_ $$aElectric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining momentum due to several factors, including the price reduction as well as the climate and environmental awareness. This paper reviews the advances of EVs regarding battery technology trends, charging methods, as well as new research challenges and open opportunities. More specifically, an analysis of the worldwide market situation of EVs and their future prospects is carried out. Given that one of the fundamental aspects in EVs is the battery, the paper presents a thorough review of the battery technologies-from the Lead-acid batteries to the Lithium-ion. Moreover, we review the different standards that are available for EVs charging process, as well as the power control and battery energy management proposals. Finally, we conclude our work by presenting our vision about what is expected in the near future within this field, as well as the research aspects that are still open for both industry and academic communities. 000151481 536__ $$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA-FSE/T40-20D$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/857237/EU/Interoperable Solutions Connecting Smart Homes, Buildings and Grids/InterConnect$$9This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No H2020 857237-InterConnect$$9info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/RTI2018-096384-B-100 000151481 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ 000151481 594__ $$a5.5$$b2021 000151481 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000151481 700__ $$aTorres-Sanz, V. 000151481 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0002-1750-7225$$aGarrido, P.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000151481 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0001-6945-7330$$aMartinez, F.J.$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000151481 700__ $$aMarquez-Barja, J.M. 000151481 7102_ $$15007$$2035$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Informát.Ingenie.Sistms.$$cÁrea Arquit.Tecnología Comput. 000151481 7102_ $$15007$$2570$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Informát.Ingenie.Sistms.$$cÁrea Lenguajes y Sistemas Inf. 000151481 773__ $$g4, 1 (2021), 372-404$$pSmart cities (Basel)$$tSmart cities$$x2624-6511 000151481 8564_ $$s1242256$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/151481/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000151481 8564_ $$s2690164$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/151481/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000151481 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:151481$$particulos$$pdriver 000151481 951__ $$a2025-03-10-12:56:37 000151481 980__ $$aARTICLE