151488 20251017144625.0 doi 10.1038/s41387-025-00361-2 sideral 143139 ART-2025-143139 eng Rodriguez-Hernandez, Zulema Differential association of selenium exposure with insulin resistance and ß-cell function in middle age and older adults 2025 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Objective To assess whether the role of selenium on pre-diabetes is differential by age, given comorbidities and decreased β-cell function in older adults. Research design and methods We evaluated the cross-sectional association of blood selenium with the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β) in middle-aged (Aragon Workers Health Study [AWHS], N = 1186), and older (Seniors ENRICA [Study on Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk in Spain]-2 [SEN-2], N = 915) diabetes-free adults. A subsample of participants from AWHS (N = 571) and SEN-2 (N = 603) had glucose and insulin repeated measurements for longitudinal analysis. We validated the cross-sectional dose–response associations in the 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, N = 1317 middle age and N = 960 older) participants. Selenium was measured in whole blood with ICP-MS in AWHS, SEN-2 and NHANES. Results The cross-sectional geometric mean ratios (95% confidence intervals) per two-fold selenium increase were 1.09 (1.01, 1.19) for HOMA-IR and 1.15 (1.06, 1.24) for HOMA-β in AWHS; and 1.13 (0.98, 1.31) and 1.03 (0.90, 1.18), in SEN-2. The cross-sectional dose-response associations were consistent in NHANES, with mostly increasingly positive trends for both HOMA endpoints in younger adults and a plateau at levels >~150 μg/L in older adults. The longitudinal dose–response consistently showed positive associations at high selenium dose for both HOMA endpoints in the younger, but not the older, study population. Conclusions Increased blood selenium was associated with increased insulin resistance and β-cell function in middle-aged, but not in older individuals, especially for β-cell function. The results suggest that selenium-associated insulin resistance might induce compensatory increased β-cell function at younger ages, being this compensatory capacity decreased with aging. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/PID2019-108973RB-C21 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/PID2023-147163OB-C22 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/CPP2022-009718 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII-MINECO/PI19-00694 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/PI15-00071 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/PMPTA22-00107 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII/PMPTA23-00012 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIN/PLEC2022-009352 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/PI18-01777 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by-nc-nd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Bel-Aguilar, Javier Moreno-Franco, Belen Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-0604-5042 Grau-Perez, Maria Redon, Josep Gomez-Ariza, Jose L. Garcia-Barrera, Tamara Olmedo, Pablo Gil, Fernando Cenarro, Ana Civeira, Fernando Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-7043-0952 Puzo, Jose Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-1309-4363 Casasnovas, Jose A. Universidad de Zaragoza Banegas, Jose R. Sotos-Prieto, Mercedes Ortola, Rosario Laclaustra, Martin Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando Garcia-Esquinas, Esther Tellez-Plaza, Maria Pastor-Barriuso, Roberto 2009 750 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Química Analítica Área Química Analítica 1007 610 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm. Area Medicina 1011 615 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Microb.Ped.Radio.Sal.Pú. Área Medic.Prevent.Salud Públ. 15, 5 (2025), [8 pp.] Nutrition and diabetes Nutrition and diabetes 2044-4052 680617 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/151488/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2893719 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/151488/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:151488 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:23:54 ARTICLE