151651 20251017144623.0 doi 10.3390/app15041724 sideral 143234 ART-2025-143234 eng Martínez Ruiz, Ignacio Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-2887-2105 IoB Internet of Things (IoT) for Smart Built Environment (SBE): Understanding the Complexity and Contributing to Energy Efficiency; A Case Study in Mediterranean Climates 2025 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted To meet the 2050 targets about climate change and decarbonization, accomplishing thermal comfort, Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems are key enabling technologies to move the Built Environment (BE) towards Smart Built Environment (SBE). The first contributions of this paper conceptualise SBE from its dynamic and adaptative perspectives, considering the human habitat, and enunciate SBE as a multidimensional approach through six ways of inhabiting: defensive, projective, scientific, thermodynamic, subjective, and complex. From these premises, to analyse the performance indicators that characterise these multidisciplinary ways of inhabiting, an IoT-driven methodology is proposed: to deploy a sensor infrastructure to acquire experimental measurements; analyse data to convert them into context-aware information; and make knowledge-based decisions. Thus, this work tackles the inefficiency and high energy consumption of public buildings with the challenge of balancing energy efficiency and user comfort in dynamic scenarios. As current systems lack real-time adaptability, this work integrates an IoT-driven approach to enhance energy management and reduce discrepancies between measured temperatures and normative thresholds. Following the energy efficiency directives, the obtained results contribute to the following: understanding the complexity of the SBE by analysing its thermal performance, quantifying the potential of energy saving, and estimating its economic impact. The derived conclusions show that IoT-driven solutions allow the generation of real-data-based models on which to enhance SBE knowledge, by increasing energy efficiency and guaranteeing user comfort while minimising environmental effects and economic impact. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/EQUZ-2022-TEC-11 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/SGI-171481 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/2000-0074 SAMCA info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Cano Suñén, Enrique Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-5137-2478 Marco Marco, Álvaro Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-7396-7840 Fernández Cuello, Ángel Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-0544-0182 5015 110 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Arquitectura Área Construc. Arquitectónicas 5008 785 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ingeniería Electrón.Com. Área Tecnología Electrónica 5004 545 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ingeniería Mecánica Área Ingeniería Mecánica 5008 560 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Ingeniería Electrón.Com. Área Ingeniería Telemática 15, 4 (2025), 1724 [26 pp.] Appl. sci. Applied Sciences (Switzerland) 2076-3417 6044535 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/151651/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2687734 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/151651/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:151651 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:22:56 ARTICLE