153096 20251017144609.0 doi 10.1038/s41541-025-01110-3 sideral 143557 ART-2025-143557 eng Felgueres, María-José Cytolytic γδ T-cells and IFNγ-producing CD4-lymphocytes characterise the early response to MTBVAC tuberculosis vaccine 2025 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) can produce a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from active tuberculosis (TB) to asymptomatic latent infection. Although CD4 T-cells are key immune effectors to control TB, early after infection, the innate immune response must play a role in tackling the disease. Here, we performed in-depth analyses of the acute immune response to MTBVAC, a candidate vaccine engineered from Mtb with the aim of protecting adults from pulmonary TB disease, still a major global challenge. scRNA-seq shows expansion of CD4+ and cytotoxic γδ T-cells, data confirmed by flow cytometry. CD4 T-cells exhibited lower HLA-DR and higher L-selectin expression, compared to BCG-stimulation, indicating differential activation or dynamics. Importantly, MTBVAC-activated γδ T-cells had a unique cytotoxic CD16+GZMB+ phenotype, reminiscent of effector cells found in Mtb positive individuals controlling infection. IFN-γ and TNF-α were released in cultures, while IL-17A/F were almost undetectable. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/RTC-2017-6379-1 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by-nc-nd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Esteso, Gloria García-Jiménez, Álvaro F. Benguría, Alberto Vázquez, Enrique Aguiló, Nacho Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-7897-9173 Puentes, Eugenia Dopazo, Ana Murillo, Ingrid Martín, Carlos Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-2993-5478 Rodríguez, Esteban Reyburn, Hugh T. Valés-Gómez, Mar 1011 630 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Microb.Ped.Radio.Sal.Pú. Área Microbiología 1011 566 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Microb.Ped.Radio.Sal.Pú. Área Inmunología 10, 1 (2025), 58 [12 pp.] npj Vaccines npj Vaccines 2059-0105 3774140 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/153096/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2712196 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/153096/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:153096 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:16:45 ARTICLE