156530 20251017144552.0 doi 10.3390/atmos11030282 sideral 116978 ART-2020-116978 eng Bravo-Paredes, Nieves Pro-Pluvia Rogation Ceremonies in Extremadura (Spain): Are They a Good Proxy of Winter NAO? 2020 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Rogation ceremonies are religious requests to God. Pro-pluvia rogations were celebrated during dry conditions to ask God for rain. In this work, we have recovered 37 pro-pluvia rogations from 14 documentary sources (e.g., : ecclesiastical manuscripts, books, and different magazines and newspapers). All of the rogations were celebrated in Extremadura region (interior of southwest of Spain) during the period 1824-1931. Climate of Extremadura is strongly dominated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Therefore, pro-pluvia rogations have been associated to the NAO index and the relationship between them has been analyzed. The most relevant results are found in the relationship between pro-pluvia rogations in month n and the positive values of the NAO index for months n-1 and n-2, being statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Thus, the results evidence that the rogation ceremonies of Extremadura are a good proxy for the NAO index. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/CGL2017-83866-C3-1-R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MINECO/CGL2017-87917-P info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es 2.686 2020 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 54 / 94 = 0.574 2020 Q3 T2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 163 / 273 = 0.597 2020 Q3 T2 0.698 2020 Environmental Science (miscellaneous) 2020 Q2 Atmospheric Science 2020 Q2 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Gallego, María Cruz Domínguez-Castro, Fernando (orcid)0000-0003-3085-7040 García, José Agustín Vaquero, José Manuel 11, 3 (2020), 282 [15 pp.] Atmosphere (Basel) Atmosphere 2073-4433 3261548 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/156530/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2527025 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/156530/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:156530 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:12:08 ARTICLE