156544 20251017144556.0 doi 10.1073/pnas.2007058117 sideral 119545 ART-2020-119545 eng Huang, J.G. Photoperiod and temperature as dominant environmental drivers triggering secondary growth resumption in Northern Hemisphere conifers 2020 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Wood formation consumes around 15% of the anthropogenic CO2 emissions per year and plays a critical role in long-term sequestration of carbon on Earth. However, the exogenous factors driving wood formation onset and the underlying cellular mechanisms are still poorly understood and quantified, and this hampers an effective assessment of terrestrial forest productivity and carbon budget under global warming. Here, we used an extensive collection of unique datasets of weekly xylem tissue formation (wood formation) from 21 coniferous species across the Northern Hemisphere (latitudes 23 to 67°N) to present a quantitative demonstration that the onset of wood formation in Northern Hemisphere conifers is primarily driven by photoperiod and mean annual temperature (MAT), and only secondarily by spring forcing, winter chilling, and moisture availability. Photoperiod interacts with MAT and plays the dominant role in regulating the onset of secondary meristem growth, contrary to its as-yet-unquantified role in affecting the springtime phenology of primary meristems. The unique relationships between exogenous factors and wood formation could help to predict how forest ecosystems respond and adapt to climate warming and could provide a better understanding of the feedback occurring between vegetation and climate that is mediated by phenology. Our study quantifies the role of major environmental drivers for incorporation into state-of-the-art Earth system models (ESMs), thereby providing an improved assessment of long-term and high-resolution observations of biogeochemical cycles across terrestrial biomes. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EUR/COST/STREeSS-FP1106 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es 11.205 2020 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES 7 / 71 = 0.099 2020 Q1 T1 5.011 2020 Multidisciplinary 2020 Q1 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Ma, Q. Rossi, S. Biondi, F. Deslauriers, A. Fonti, P. Liang, E. Mäkinen, H. Oberhuber, W. Rathgeber, C.B.K. Tognetti, R. Treml, V. Yang, B. Zhang, J.L. Antonucci, S. Bergeron, Y. Camarero, J.J. (orcid)0000-0003-2436-2922 Campelo, F. Cufar, K. Cuny, H.E. De Luis, M. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-7585-3636 Giovannelli, A. Gricar, J. Gruber, A. Gryc, V. Güney, A. Guo, X. Huang, W. Jyske, T. Kašpar, J. King, G. Krause, C. Lemay, A. Liu, F. Lombardi, F. Martinez Del Castillo, E. (orcid)0000-0003-1542-2698 Morin, H. Nabais, C. Nöjd, P. Peters, R.L. Prislan, P. Saracino, A. Swidrak, I. Vavrcík, H. Vieira, J. Yu, B. Zhang, S. Zeng, Q. Zhang, Y. Ziaco, E. 3006 430 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Geograf. Ordenac.Territ. Área Geografía Física 117, 34 (2020), 20645-20652 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 0027-8424 1258102 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/156544/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 4096077 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/156544/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:156544 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:13:10 ARTICLE