Tuning the liquid crystal behavior of subphthalocyanines: effects of substitution, chirality, and hydrogen bonding

Labella, Jorge ; López-Serrano, Elisa ; Labrador-Santiago, Jorge ; Barberá, Joaquín (Universidad de Zaragoza) ; Folcia, César L. ; Sierra, Teresa ; Torres, Tomás

Resumen: Bowl-shaped aromatics that self-assemble into columnar liquid crystals (LCs) are key components for developing polarized semiconductors. However, progress in this field has been sluggish, as the limited set of available π-conjugated curved scaffolds has left structure–property relationships poorly understood. Herein the role that substitution pattern, substituent nature, and chirality play in the LC columnar organization of subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) is explored. Remarkably, it is revealed that enantiopure SubPcs exhibit a reduced tendency to form LC phases compared to their racemic counterparts, whereas higher substitution density increases flexibility within the columns, compromising coaxial alignment. Moreover, we find that the use of conformationally flexible, π-extended peripheral substituents enables efficient π–π stacking, and that the incorporation of hydrogen-bonding amide groups leads to highly stable mesophases with elevated melting points, although the mesophase remains at room temperature after thermal treatment. These trends are further rationalized through theoretical modeling. Overall, this work provides valuable synthetic and design guidelines for advancing bowl-shaped aromatics toward next-generation functional columnar liquid crystals.

Idioma: Inglés

DOI: 10.1039/d5tc01417d

Año: 2025

Publicado en: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2025), [6 pp.]
ISSN: 2050-7526

Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/E47-23R
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2021-122882NB-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2021-126132NB-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2023-150255NB-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2023-151167NB-I00
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/CEX2020-001039-S
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/CEX2023-001286-S
Financiación: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EUR/MICINN/TED2021-131255B-C43

Tipo y forma: Artículo (Versión definitiva)

Área (Departamento): Área Química Orgánica (Dpto. Química Orgánica)