161052 20251017144601.0 doi 10.1039/d5tc01417d sideral 144290 ART-2025-144290 eng Labella, Jorge Tuning the liquid crystal behavior of subphthalocyanines: effects of substitution, chirality, and hydrogen bonding 2025 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Bowl-shaped aromatics that self-assemble into columnar liquid crystals (LCs) are key components for developing polarized semiconductors. However, progress in this field has been sluggish, as the limited set of available π-conjugated curved scaffolds has left structure–property relationships poorly understood. Herein the role that substitution pattern, substituent nature, and chirality play in the LC columnar organization of subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) is explored. Remarkably, it is revealed that enantiopure SubPcs exhibit a reduced tendency to form LC phases compared to their racemic counterparts, whereas higher substitution density increases flexibility within the columns, compromising coaxial alignment. Moreover, we find that the use of conformationally flexible, π-extended peripheral substituents enables efficient π–π stacking, and that the incorporation of hydrogen-bonding amide groups leads to highly stable mesophases with elevated melting points, although the mesophase remains at room temperature after thermal treatment. These trends are further rationalized through theoretical modeling. Overall, this work provides valuable synthetic and design guidelines for advancing bowl-shaped aromatics toward next-generation functional columnar liquid crystals. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/E47-23R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2021-122882NB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2021-126132NB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2023-150255NB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2023-151167NB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/CEX2020-001039-S info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/CEX2023-001286-S info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EUR/MICINN/TED2021-131255B-C43 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion López-Serrano, Elisa Labrador-Santiago, Jorge Barberá, Joaquín Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-5816-7960 Folcia, César L. Sierra, Teresa (orcid)0000-0001-7091-077X Torres, Tomás 2013 765 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Química Orgánica Área Química Orgánica (2025), [6 pp.] J. mater. chem. C JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C 2050-7526 1475023 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/161052/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2368642 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/161052/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:161052 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:14:09 ARTICLE