161868 20251017144616.0 doi 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101492 sideral 144479 ART-2025-144479 eng Ruiz, H.S. Critical current density in advanced superconductors 2025 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted This review paper delves into the concept of critical current density in high-temperature superconductors (HTS) across macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic perspectives. Through this exploration, a comprehensive range of connections is unveiled aiming to foster advancements in the physics, materials science, and the engineering of applied superconductors. Beginning with the macroscopic interpretation of as a central material law, the review traces its development from C.P. Bean’s foundational work to modern extensions. Mesoscopic challenges in understanding vortex dynamics and their coherence with thermodynamic anisotropy regimes are addressed, underscoring the importance of understanding the limitations and corrections implicit in the macroscopic measurement of , linked with mesoscopic phenomena such as irradiation effects, defect manipulation, and vortex interactions. The transition to supercritical current densities is also discussed, detailing the superconductor behavior beyond critical thresholds with a focus on flux-flow instability regimes relevant to fault current limiters and fusion energy magnets. Enhancing through tailored material microstructures, engineered pinning centers, grain boundary manipulation, and controlled doping is explored, along with radiation techniques and their impact on large-scale energy systems. Emphasizing the critical role of , this review focuses on its physical optimization and engineering manipulation, highlighting its significance across diverse sectors. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/T54-23R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MCIU/PID2023-146041OB-C21 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/AEI/PID2020-113034RB-I00 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Hänisch, J. Polichetti, M. Galluzzi, A. Gozzelino, L. Torsello, D. Miloševic-Govedarovic, S. Grbovic-Novakovic, J. Dobrovolskiy, O.V. Lang, W. Grimaldi, G. Crisan, A. Badica, P. Ionescu, A.M. Cayado, P. Willa, R. Barbiellini, B. Eley, S. Badía Majós, A. Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-8753-2397 2003 395 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Física Materia Condensa. Área Física Materia Condensada 155 (2025), 101492 [103 pp.] Prog. Mater. Sci. PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 0079-6425 16666446 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/161868/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2488299 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/161868/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:161868 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:19:29 ARTICLE