161980 20251017144607.0 doi 10.1080/10242694.2025.2520233 sideral 144572 ART-2025-144572 eng Sanso-Navarro, Marcos Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0002-5926-2166 Terrorism and municipality size in Colombia 2025 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted This paper examines the persistence of the demographic effects of terrorism on Colombian municipalities between 1985 and 2020. To this end, we propose implementing difference-in-differences estimation techniques that account for heterogeneous effects across units and over time. Our results first highlight the importance of conditioning on covariates to ensure the reliability of the parallel trends assumption in this context. Contrary to previous related studies, we find that terrorist incidents have had lasting adverse effects. Specifically, municipalities that experienced an attack exhibit a 9.3% lower growth over a 10–year period compared to those that were not attacked. Additionally, we show that terrorism exerts its influence through the extensive rather than the intensive margin. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/AEI/PID2020-112773GB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/S39-23R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/UZ/JIUZ-2020-SOC-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess by-nc-nd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion Vera-Cabello, María (orcid)0000-0001-8973-6804 4000 415 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Análisis Económico Área Fund. Análisis Económico (2025), [19 pp.] Def. peace econ. Defence and Peace Economics 1024-2694 773596 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/161980/files/texto_completo.pdf Postprint info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2026-12-17 1090805 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/161980/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Postprint info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2026-12-17 oai:zaguan.unizar.es:161980 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:15:53 ARTICLE