doi:10.1080/09537287.2024.2420178engAlfalla-Luque, RafaelaGarrido-Vega, PedroMartínez-Jurado, Pedro J.Sacristán-Díaz, MacarenaTriple-A supply chains: unveiling the mediating power of collaboration and innovation on operational performanceART-2025-140606Triple-A (agile, adaptable, and aligned) Supply Chain (SC) has been analyzed as a source of competitive advantage, but the influence of mediating variables in this relationship remains underexplored. This research seeks to advance the Triple-A SC framework by considering and testing the mediating effects of SC collaboration and innovation levels on the Triple-A SC–operational performance (efficiency and responsiveness) relationship. The research model was tested with PLS-SEM using a sample of 277 Spanish manufacturing firms with a minimum of 50 employees from 14 different sectors. The results show that SC collaboration and innovation levels significantly mediate relationships between Triple-A SC and operational performance. Additionally, collaboration level plays a more important role in responsiveness than efficiency, while innovation level has similar effects on both performance dimensions. This work contributes to knowledge on the impact of Triple-A SC on operational performance and alerts managers to the need to strengthen their levels of collaboration with SC partners and innovation over their main competitors.2025http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/16224610.1080/09537287.2024.2420178http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/162246oai:zaguan.unizar.es:162246info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2019-105001GB-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2019-106577GB-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2023-148345NB-I00PRODUCTION PLANNING & CONTROL 36, 14 (2025), 1845-1862by-nc-ndhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.esinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess