162268 20260418110659.0 doi 10.1016/j.asr.2025.07.017 sideral 144899 ART-2025-144899 eng Gutierrez de Alba, José David Universidad de Zaragoza A study on an optimal analytical and an accurate algorithmic landing techniques 2025 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted Landing trajectory optimization is a fundamental challenge in aerospace engineering, traditionally approached by optimal control problem formulation. In practice, for Earth landing, the vehicle is subject to strongly non-linear perturbations, such as drag, wind, and gravity. Indirect control methods cannot deal with these problems, leading to large errors, while direct methods require high computation times when perturbations are not continuous. Thus, in this work, we propose a hybrid algorithm to approximate the solution of nonlinear optimization problems, based on the iteration of the indirect control analytical solution of the non-autonomous linear problem. The algorithm’s performance has been studied for the problem of landing rockets on the Earth’s surface and compared with a standard boundary value problem solver. The results show that the proposed algorithm tolerates strong discontinuous perturbations, with very small landing error and computation time. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN/PID2020-117066GB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/MICINN PRE2021-099561 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Tresaco, Eva Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-4859-7224 Mortari, Daniele 2005 595 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Matemática Aplicada Área Matemática Aplicada 76, 5 (2025), 3098-3108 Adv. space res. Advances in Space Research 0273-1177 1258659 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/162268/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2628449 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/162268/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:162268 articulos driver 2026-04-18-11:05:08 ARTICLE