162936 20251017144631.0 doi 10.3390/insects16090904 sideral 145365 ART-2025-145365 eng Eritja, Roger Integrating Citizen Science and Field Sampling into Next-Generation Early-Warning Systems for Vector Surveillance: Twenty Years of Municipal Detections of Aedes Invasive Mosquito Species in Spain 2025 Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted The spread of the invasive mosquitoes Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, and Aedes japonicus in Spain represents an increasing public health risk due to their capacity to transmit arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, among others. Traditional field entomological surveillance remains essential for tracking their spread, but it faces limitations in terms of cost, scalability, and labor intensity. Since 2014, the Mosquito Alert citizen-science project has enabled public participation in surveillance through the submission of geolocated images via a mobile app, which are identified using AI in combination with expert validation. While field surveillance provides high accuracy, citizen science offers low-cost, large-scale, real-time data collection aligned with open data management principles. It is particularly useful for detecting long-distance dispersal events and has contributed up to one-third of the municipal detections of invasive mosquito species since 2014. This study assesses the value of integrating both surveillance systems to capitalize on their complementary strengths while compensating for their weaknesses in the areas of taxonomic accuracy, scalability, spatial detection patterns, data curation and validation systems, geographic precision, interoperability, and real-time output. We present the listing of municipal detections of these species from 2004 to 2024, integrating data from both sources. Spain’s integrated approach demonstrates a pioneering model for cost-effective, scalable vector surveillance tailored to the dynamics of invasive species and emerging epidemiological threats. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Sanpera-Calbet, Isis Delacour-Estrella, Sarah Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-7046-2997 Ruiz-Arrondo, Ignacio Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-8198-8118 Puig, Maria Àngels Bengoa-Paulís, Mikel Alarcón-Elbal, Pedro María Barceló, Carlos Mariani, Simone Martínez-Barciela, Yasmina Bravo-Barriga, Daniel Polina, Alejandro Pereira-Martínez, José Manuel González, Mikel Alexander Escartin, Santi Melero-Alcíbar, Rosario Blanco-Sierra, Laura Magallanes, Sergio Collantes, Francisco Ferraguti, Martina González-Pérez, María Isabel Gutiérrez-López, Rafael Silva-Torres, María Isabel San Sebastián-Mendoza, Olatz Calvo-Reyes, María Cruz Mendoza-García, Marian Macías-Magro, David Cisneros, Pilar Cevidanes, Aitor Frontera, Eva Mato, Inés Fúster-Lorán, Fernando Domench-Guembe, Miguel Rodríguez-Regadera, María Elena Casanovas-Urgell, Ricard Montalvo, Tomás Miranda, Miguel Ángel Figuerola, Jordi Lucientes-Curdi, Javier Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0003-0663-8411 Garriga, Joan Palmer, John Rossman Bertholf Bartumeus, Frederic 1009 773 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Patología Animal Área Sanidad Animal 16, 9 (2025), 904 [27 pp.] Insects Insects 2075-4450 Integrated surveillance records of invasive mosquito detections in Spanish municipalities, 2004–2024 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15869762 3738168 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/162936/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2946860 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/162936/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:162936 articulos driver 2025-10-17-14:26:28 ARTICLE