000164178 001__ 164178 000164178 005__ 20251127172930.0 000164178 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127255 000164178 0248_ $$2sideral$$a146337 000164178 037__ $$aART-2025-146337 000164178 041__ $$aeng 000164178 100__ $$aJiang, Zheshun 000164178 245__ $$aPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure in hexavalent chromium exposed workers and the effects of exposure mixtures on oxidative stress and genomic instability 000164178 260__ $$c2025 000164178 5060_ $$aAccess copy available to the general public$$fUnrestricted 000164178 5203_ $$aHexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) can induce oxidative stress, genomic instability, and epigenetic modifications. In occupational settings, Cr(VI)-exposed workers may also be exposed to other toxicants, such as elements besides Cr, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, research on the extent of these co-exposures and their combined effects remains limited. The objective of this study was to characterize the exposure levels of ten elements and eight PFAS in Cr(VI)-exposed workers and to assess the combined effects of these exposure mixtures on biomarkers of oxidative stress and genomic instability. This study included 138 Cr(VI)-exposed workers and 96 controls from Swedish SafeChrom and Danish SAM-Krom studies. Concentrations of elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and PFAS were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Effect biomarkers, including 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-cn), telomere length (TL) and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter (MGMT) methylation, were analyzed in blood. Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression and quantile-based g-computation models were used to evaluate the mixture effects. Exposed workers had higher concentrations of Cr, manganese, copper, zinc, lead, and perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), lower mtDNA-cn and longer TL compared to controls. In the SAM-Krom study, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) levels were significantly elevated among exposed workers, with the P95 reaching 2044 ng/mL. The exposure mixtures were associated with increased 8-OHdG and MGMT hypermethylation. Together, these findings highlight the complexity of multiple occupational exposures in Cr(VI)-related work environments and suggest that combined exposure may contribute to early biological alterations related to oxidative stress and DNA methylation. 000164178 540__ $$9info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess$$aby$$uhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es 000164178 655_4 $$ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/article$$vinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 000164178 700__ $$aLiu, Yishan 000164178 700__ $$aLindh, Christian 000164178 700__ $$aPineda, Daniela 000164178 700__ $$aCarøe, Tanja K. 000164178 700__ $$0(orcid)0000-0003-2936-242X$$aCatalán, Julia$$uUniversidad de Zaragoza 000164178 700__ $$aEbbehøj, Niels E. 000164178 700__ $$aGivelet, Lucas 000164178 700__ $$aHuusom, Anja J. 000164178 700__ $$aKines, Pete 000164178 700__ $$aKrais, Annette M. 000164178 700__ $$aAimonen, Kukka 000164178 700__ $$aLundh, Thomas 000164178 700__ $$aLoeschner, Katrin 000164178 700__ $$aRastkhani, Hamideh 000164178 700__ $$aTondel, Martin 000164178 700__ $$aSaber, Anne T. 000164178 700__ $$aVogel, Ulla 000164178 700__ $$aBroberg, Karin 000164178 7102_ $$11001$$2420$$aUniversidad de Zaragoza$$bDpto. Anatom.,Embri.Genét.Ani.$$cÁrea Genética 000164178 773__ $$g387 (2025), 127255 [12 pp.]$$pEnviron. pollut.$$tEnvironmental Pollution$$x0269-7491 000164178 8564_ $$s3474884$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/164178/files/texto_completo.pdf$$yVersión publicada 000164178 8564_ $$s2438424$$uhttps://zaguan.unizar.es/record/164178/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yVersión publicada 000164178 909CO $$ooai:zaguan.unizar.es:164178$$particulos$$pdriver 000164178 951__ $$a2025-11-27-15:16:32 000164178 980__ $$aARTICLE