168752 20260217214838.0 doi 10.1371/journal.pone.0339369 sideral 148174 ART-2026-148174 eng Bilbie Lupchian, Liliana Comparison of four diagnostic indices for metabolic syndrome in a Northern Spanish population 2026 Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and early identification of individuals at risk is essential to reduce their burden. This study compared the performance of four diagnostic indices — the Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Atherogenic Index (AI) — in predicting Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in a primary care population from northern Spain. A retrospective observational study was conducted using data from the CRONAP cohort (n = 3,107). Anthropometric and analytical parameters were analyzed using logistic regression and ROC curves. The VAI showed the highest predictive capacity for MetS (AUC = 0.779), followed by WC (0.756), BMI (0.730), and AI (0.665). In the MetS group, higher and statistically significant values were observed for glucose, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, blood pressure, BMI, and WC (p < 0.001), while HDL-cholesterol and glomerular filtration rate were lower. VAI outperformed the other indices in identifying MetS and may serve as a useful screening tool in primary care settings; however, as this is a retrospective, single-region study, further research is required to validate its diagnostic cut-off and generalizability to other populations. Access copy available to the general public Unrestricted info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/B21-23R-GAIAP info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/ISCIII-RICAPPS/RD24/0005/0004 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Oliván-Blázquez, Bárbara Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-6565-9699 Peña-Galo, Edgar Domínguez-García, Marta Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-8942-814X Sánchez-Calavera, María Antonia Universidad de Zaragoza (orcid)0000-0001-8756-114X 4009 740 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Psicología y Sociología Área Psicología Social 1007 610 Universidad de Zaragoza Dpto. Medicina, Psiqu. y Derm. Area Medicina 21, 1 (2026), e0339369 [13 pp.] PLoS One PLoS ONE 1932-6203 Los datos de los 3107 sujetos analizados en este estudio pueden consultarse en el siguiente enlace https://zenodo. org/records/17391335 894285 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/168752/files/texto_completo.pdf Versión publicada 2367552 http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/168752/files/texto_completo.jpg?subformat=icon icon Versión publicada oai:zaguan.unizar.es:168752 articulos driver 2026-02-17-20:14:55 ARTICLE